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Does citizenship always further Immigrants’ feeling of belonging to the host nation? A study of policies and public attitudes in 14 Western democracies

机译:公民身份是否总是会增强移民对东道国的归属感?对14个西方民主国家的政策和公众态度的研究

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摘要

Immigrants’ access to citizenship in their country of residence is increasingly debated in Western democracies. It is an underlying premise of these debates that citizenship and national belonging are closely linked, but at the same time there is considerable cross-country variation in how citizenship is approached in Western democracies. In the literature, these differences are typically understood to reflect varying degrees of openness to seeing immigrants as part of the host national community. Motivated by this observation, the article examines whether the degree to which immigrants experience greater attachment to the host nation (i.e. belonging) from having host country citizenship is affected by the host country’s approach to citizenship. This question is analysed with multilevel regressions on survey and country-level data from 14 Western democracies. The findings show that citizenship is associated with increased host national belonging in countries where the host population attaches great importance to citizenship as a mark of national membership, while there is no positive association between citizenship and belonging in countries where the host population considers citizenship less important. Interestingly, citizenship policy does not have a moderating effect on the association between citizenship and national belonging. Implications for future studies of the subjective experience of citizenship are discussed.
机译:在西方民主国家,移民在其居住国获得公民身份的争论日益激烈。这些辩论的一个基本前提是公民身份和国民归属关系密切相关,但是与此同时,在西方民主国家,如何处理公民身份也存在很大的跨国差异。在文献中,这些差异通常被理解为反映了对移民作为东道国社区的一部分的开放程度。出于这种观察的动机,本文探讨了移民因拥有东道国公民身份而对东道国(即归属国)有更大依恋的程度是否受东道国的公民权方式影响。通过对来自14个西方民主国家的调查和国家/地区数据进行多层次回归分析,对该问题进行了分析。研究结果表明,在东道国人口高度重视公民身份作为国家会员身份的国家中,公民身份与东道国的归属感增加有关,而在东道国人口认为公民身份重要性不高的国家中,公民身份与归属之间没有正相关关系。有趣的是,公民政策对公民与国民所有制之间的联系没有调节作用。讨论了对公民身份主观体验的未来研究的启示。

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