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Community-Based ART Programs: Sustaining Adherence and Follow-up

机译:基于社区的抗病毒治疗计划:坚持坚持和后续行动

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摘要

The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in 1996 brought with it an urgent need to develop models of health care delivery that could enable its effective and equitable delivery, especially to patients living in poverty. Community-based care, which stretches from patient homes and communities—where chronic infectious diseases are often best managed—to modern health centers and hospitals, offers such a model, providing access to proximate HIV care and minimizing structural barriers to retention. We first review the recent literature on community-based ART programs in low- and low-to-middle-income country settings and document two key principles that guide effective programs: decentralization of ART services and long-term retention of patients in care. We then discuss the evolution of the community-based programs of Partners In Health (PIH), a nongovernmental organization committed to providing a preferential option for the poor in health care, in Haiti and several countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, Russia and Kazakhstan. As one of the first organizations to treat patients with HIV in low-income settings and a pioneer of the community-based approach to ART delivery, PIH has achieved both decentralization and excellent retention through the application of an accompaniment model that engages community health workers in the delivery of medicines, the provision of social support and education, and the linkage between communities and clinics. We conclude by showing how PIH has leveraged its HIV care delivery platforms to simultaneously strengthen health systems and address the broader burden of disease in the places in which it works.
机译:抗逆转录病毒疗法(ART)的问世于1996年迫在眉睫,它需要开发一种保健服务提供模式,以使其能够有效,公平地提供服务,尤其是对生活在贫困中的患者。基于社区的护理提供了这样的模式,从病人的家和社区(通常最好对慢性传染病进行管理)延伸到现代保健中心和医院,从而提供了近距离的HIV护理,并最大程度地减少了保留方面的结构性障碍。我们首先回顾有关低收入和中低收入国家/地区基于社区的抗病毒治疗计划的最新文献,并记录指导有效计划的两个关键原则:抗病毒治疗服务的分散化和患者长期留在护理中。然后,我们讨论卫生合作伙伴(PIH)基于社区的计划的演变,该组织是一个非政府组织,致力于为海地和撒哈拉以南非洲,拉丁美洲,俄罗斯的一些国家的医疗保健穷人提供优惠选择和哈萨克斯坦。作为首批在低收入环境中治疗艾滋病毒患者的组织之一,并且是基于社区的抗病毒治疗方法的先驱,PIH通过应用一种使社区卫生工作者参与其中的陪伴模型,既实现了权力下放又实现了卓越的保留率。药品的提供,社会支持和教育的提供以及社区和诊所之间的联系。最后,我们通过展示PIH如何利用其HIV护理提供平台来同时加强卫生系统并解决其工作场所中更大的疾病负担。

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