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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >Western scrub-jays (Aphelocoma californica) solve multiple-string problems by the spatial relation of string and reward
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Western scrub-jays (Aphelocoma californica) solve multiple-string problems by the spatial relation of string and reward

机译：西部灌丛鸦（Aphelocoma californica）通过弦和奖赏的空间关系解决多弦问题

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String-pulling is a widely used paradigm in animal cognition research to assess what animals understand about the functionality of strings as a means to obtain an out-of-reach reward. This study aimed to systematically investigate what rules Western scrub-jays (Aphelocoma californica) use to solve different patterned string tasks, i.e. tasks in which subjects have to choose between two or more strings of which only one is connected to the reward, or where one is more efficient. Arranging strings in a parallel configuration showed that the jays were generally capable of solving multiple-string tasks and acted in a goal-directed manner. The slanted and crossed configurations revealed a reliance on a “proximity rule”, that is, a tendency to choose the string-end closest to the reward. When confronted with strings of different lengths attached to rewards at different distances the birds chose according to the reward distance, preferring the reward closest to them, and were sensitive to the movement of the reward, but did not consistently prefer the shorter and therefore more efficient string. Generally, the scrub-jays were successful in tasks where the reward was closest to the string-ends they needed to pull or when string length and reward distance correlated, but the birds had problems when the wrong string-end was closest to the reward or when the food items were in close proximity to each other. These results show that scrub-jays had a partial understanding of the physical principles underlying string-pulling but relied on simpler strategies such as the proximity rule to solve the tasks.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10071-016-1018-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
机译：拉弦是动物认知研究中广泛使用的范式，用于评估动物对弦功能的理解，以此作为获得超越奖励的一种手段。这项研究旨在系统地研究西方磨-鸟（Aphelocoma californica）使用什么规则来解决不同的带图案的弦乐任务，即，受试者必须在两个或多个弦乐之间进行选择的弦乐，其中只有一个与奖励有关，或者其中一个更有效率。以并行配置的方式排列字符串表明，松鸦通常能够解决多字符串任务并以目标导向的方式行动。倾斜和交叉的配置显示了对“接近规则”的依赖，即倾向于选择最接近奖励的弦端。当面对不同距离的奖励附有不同长度的弦时，鸟类会根据奖励距离进行选择，他们更喜欢离它们最近的奖励，并且对奖励的移动很敏感，但并不总是喜欢较短且更有效的奖励串。通常，灌丛鸟在奖励最接近他们需要拉动的琴弦末端或琴弦长度和奖励距离相关的任务中都是成功的，但是当错误的琴弦末端最接近奖励或弦的距离时，小鸟就有问题当食物彼此靠近时。这些结果表明，灌丛-鸟对字符串拉动的物理原理有部分了解，但依靠诸如接近性规则之类的简单策略来解决任务。电子补充材料本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007 / s10071-016 -1018-x）包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。

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