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Advances in DNA metabarcoding for food and wildlife forensic species identification

机译:DNA元条形码技术在食品和野生生物法医鉴定中的研究进展

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摘要

Species identification using DNA barcodes has been widely adopted by forensic scientists as an effective molecular tool for tracking adulterations in food and for analysing samples from alleged wildlife crime incidents. DNA barcoding is an approach that involves sequencing of short DNA sequences from standardized regions and comparison to a reference database as a molecular diagnostic tool in species identification. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made towards developing DNA metabarcoding strategies, which involves next-generation sequencing of DNA barcodes for the simultaneous detection of multiple species in complex samples. Metabarcoding strategies can be used in processed materials containing highly degraded DNA e.g. for the identification of endangered and hazardous species in traditional medicine. This review aims to provide insight into advances of plant and animal DNA barcoding and highlights current practices and recent developments for DNA metabarcoding of food and wildlife forensic samples from a practical point of view. Special emphasis is placed on new developments for identifying species listed in the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES) appendices for which reliable methods for species identification may signal and/or prevent illegal trade. Current technological developments and challenges of DNA metabarcoding for forensic scientists will be assessed in the light of stakeholders’ needs.
机译:法医科学家已广泛使用DNA条形码进行物种鉴定,将其作为一种有效的分子工具,用于追踪食品中的掺假以及分析所谓的野生动植物犯罪事件中的样本。 DNA条形码是一种涉及对来自标准化区域的短DNA序列进行测序并与参考数据库进行比较的方法,以作为物种鉴定中的分子诊断工具。近年来,在开发DNA元条形码策略方面取得了显着进展,其中涉及下一代DNA条形码测序,用于同时检测复杂样品中的多种物种。元条形码策略可以用于含有高度降解的DNA的加工材料中,例如DNA。用于鉴定传统医学中的濒危物种。这篇综述旨在提供对动植物DNA条形码技术的深入了解,并从实用的角度重点介绍食品和野生生物法医样品的DNA元条形码的当前实践和最新发展。特别强调用于识别《濒危物种国际贸易公约》(CITES)附录中所列物种的新发展,对于这些物种而言,可靠的物种识别方法可能会发出信号和/或防止非法贸易。将根据利益相关者的需求评估法医科学家当前的技术发展和DNA元条形码的挑战。

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