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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >Impact of agriculture and land use on nitrate contamination in groundwater and running waters in central-west Poland
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Impact of agriculture and land use on nitrate contamination in groundwater and running waters in central-west Poland

机译：农业和土地利用对波兰中西部地下水和自来水中硝酸盐污染的影响

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Protected areas due to their long-term protection are expected to be characterized by good water quality. However, in catchments where arable fields dominate, the impact of agriculture on water pollution is still problematic. In Poland, recently, the fertilization level has decreased, mostly for economic reasons. However, this applies primarily to phosphorus and potassium. In order to evaluate the impact of agriculture on water quality in a protected area with a high proportion of arable fields in the aspect of level and type of fertilization, complex monitoring has been applied. The present study was carried out in Wielkopolska National Park and its buffer zone, which are protected under Natura 2000 as Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas. The aim of the study were (1) to assess the impact of agriculture, with special attention on fertilization, on groundwater, and running water quality and (2) to designate priority areas for implementing nitrogen reduction measures in special attention on protected areas. In our study, high nitrogen concentrations in groundwater and surface waters were detected in the agricultural catchments. The results demonstrate that in the watersheds dominated by arable fields, high nitrogen concentrations in groundwater were measured in comparison to forestry catchments, where high ammonium concentrations were observed. The highest nitrogen concentrations were noted in spring after winter freezing, with a small cover of vegetation, and in the areas with a high level of nitrogen application. In the studied areas, both in the park and its buffer zone, unfavorable N:P and N:K ratios in supplied nutrients were detected. Severe shortage of phosphorus and potassium in applied fertilizers is one of the major factors causing leaching of nitrogen due to limited possibilities of its consumption by plants.
机译：保护区由于受到长期保护，预计将具有良好的水质。但是，在以耕地为主的集水区，农业对水污染的影响仍然存在问题。最近在波兰，受精水平下降，主要是出于经济原因。但是，这主要适用于磷和钾。为了在施肥水平和类型方面评估农业对耕地比例高的保护区水质的影响，已进行了复杂的监测。本研究是在Wielkopolska国家公园及其缓冲区进行的，该公园在自然保护区和特别保护区中受到了Natura 2000的保护。该研究的目的是（1）评估农业，特别是对施肥，对地下水和自来水水质的影响，以及（2）指定优先实施保护区的氮减少措施的优先领域。在我们的研究中，在农业流域中发现了地下​​水和地表水中的高氮浓度。结果表明，在以耕地为主的流域中，与林业集水区相比，地下水中的氮含量高，而铵盐含量较高。在冬季冻结后的春季，植被覆盖少，以及施氮量高的地区，氮含量最高。在研究区域，无论是在公园及其缓冲区，都发现了所供应营养素中N：P和N：K的不利比例。施肥中磷和钾的严重短缺是由于植物消耗氮的可能性有限而导致氮浸出的主要因素之一。

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