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Nitrogen-converting communities in aerobic granules at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) and operational modes

机译:好氧颗粒在不同水力停留时间(HRT)和运行模式下的氮转化群落

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摘要

This study determined how the activity and number of nitrogen-converting microorganisms varied with changes in hydraulic retention time (HRT) and the operating regime of aerobic granular sequencing batch reactors (GSBRs) treating high-nitrogen wastewater. Continuously aerated (O-mode) GSBRs were operated at HRTs of 10-, 13- and 19-h. Then the same reactors were operated at identical HRTs but the cycles started with an anoxic phase (A/O mode). To investigate the microbial communities, DNA- and RNA-based relative real-time PCR was used. In all experimental reactors ammonium was fully removed with a removal rate up to 75 mg N–NH4+/(L·h), and nitrification efficiency was above 90 %. The efficiency of the removal of oxidized nitrogen forms decreased with the lengthening of HRT. The study found that variable oxic conditions (A/O mode) in the GSBR cycle stimulated the simultaneous activity of ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AOB), N2O-reducers, and Anammox bacteria in aerobic granules. With both modes, the activity of nitrogen-converting bacteria was highest with a 13-h HRT. Shortening HRT, resulted in higher chemical oxygen demand and nitrogen loadings, which favored the growth of Anammox microorganisms in granules and caused a decrease in the number of AOB. With all HRTs, the number of Anammox microorganisms was about 1.5-times higher in A/O mode than in O mode.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11274-014-1766-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
机译:这项研究确定了氮转化微生物的活性和数量如何随水力停留时间(HRT)和好氧颗粒测序间歇反应器(GSBR)处理高氮废水的运行方式的变化而变化。连续充气(O型)GSBR的运行时间为10小时,13小时和19小时。然后,相同的反应器在相同的HRT下运行,但循环以缺氧相(A / O模式)开始。为了研究微生物群落,使用了基于DNA和RNA的相对实时PCR。在所有实验反应器中,铵的去除率最高可达75 mg N–NH4 + /(L·h),硝化效率高于90%。随着HRT的延长,去除氧化态氮的效率降低。研究发现,GSBR循环中的可变氧化条件(A / O模式)刺激了好氧颗粒中氨氧化细菌(AOB),N2O还原剂和厌氧氨氧化菌的同时活性。在这两种模式下,使用13小时的HRT转化氮细菌的活性最高。缩短HRT会导致较高的化学需氧量和氮含量,这有利于颗粒中厌氧氨氧化微生物的生长,并导致AOB数量减少。对于所有HRT,A / O模式下的Anammox微生物数量约为O模式下的1.5倍。电子补充材料本文的在线版本(doi:10.1007 / s11274-014-1766-1)包含补充材料,可供授权用户使用。

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