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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >Effects of visitor pressure on understory vegetation in Warsaw forested parks (Poland)
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Effects of visitor pressure on understory vegetation in Warsaw forested parks (Poland)

机译：访客压力对华沙森林公园（波兰）地下植被的影响

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Visitor’s access to understorey vegetation in park forest stands results in the impoverishment of plant species composition and a reduction in habitat quality. The phenomenon of biotic homogenisation is typical in urban landscapes, but it can proceed differently depending on the scale, a detail that has not been observed in previous studies. This research was carried out in seven Warsaw parks (both public and restricted access). Thirty-four forested areas were randomly selected, some subjected to strong visitors’ pressure and some within restricted access areas, free of such impacts. The latter category included woodlands growing in old forest and secondary habitats. Public access to the study areas contributed to the disappearance of some forest species and their replacement by cosmopolitan non-forest species, leading to loss of floristic biodiversity in areas of high ecological importance at the city scale. Some human-induced factors, including soil compaction and changes in soil pH, moisture and capillary volume, were found to cause habitat changes that favoured native non-forest plants. Despite changes in species composition, the taxonomic similarity of understorey vegetation in both categories—public access and restricted access—was comparable. In a distance gradient of measurements taken around selected individual trees, there was found to be significant variation (in light, soil pH and compaction) affecting the quality and quantity of understorey vegetation (including rare species). In conclusion, the protection of rare forest species could be achieved by limiting access to forested areas, particularly in old forest fragments, and we highly recommend its consideration in the proposal of future park restoration plans.
机译：访客进入公园森林的林下植被的途中，导致植物物种组成恶化和栖息地质量下降。生物同质化现象在城市景观中很常见，但是根据规模的不同，生物同质化的过程可能有所不同，这一细节在以前的研究中并未发现。这项研究是在华沙的七个公园（公共和受限访问）中进行的。随机选择了34个林区，其中一些承受着巨大的访客压力，而另一些则在受限的进入区域内，不受这些影响。后一类包括在老森林和次生栖息地中生长的林地。公众进入研究区域导致某些森林物种的消失，并被世界性非森林物种所取代，从而导致在城市范围内具有高度生态重要性的地区植物区系生物多样性的丧失。人们发现了一些人为因素，包括土壤压实和土壤pH，湿度和毛细管体积的变化，导致了有利于本地非森林植物的栖息地变化。尽管物种组成发生了变化，但在公共访问和受限访问这两个类别中，底层植被的分类相似性是可比的。在围绕选定的单个树木进行的测量的距离梯度中，发现存在显着变化（在光线，土壤pH和压实度方面），从而影响了下层植被（包括稀有树种）的质量和数量。总之，可以通过限制进入森林区域（特别是在老森林碎片中）来保护稀有森林物种，我们强烈建议在未来的公园恢复计划提案中考虑保护稀有森林物种。

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