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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >Acute toxicity tests with Daphnia magna Americamysis bahia Chironomus riparius and Gammarus pulex and implications of new EU requirements for the aquatic effect assessment of insecticides
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Acute toxicity tests with Daphnia magna Americamysis bahia Chironomus riparius and Gammarus pulex and implications of new EU requirements for the aquatic effect assessment of insecticides

机译：大型蚤（Daphnia magna）美洲念珠菌（Amyysis bahia）河岸罗氏菌（Chironomus riparius）和伽玛鲁斯菌（Gammarus pulex）的急性毒性试验以及欧盟新要求对杀虫剂水生作用评估的影响

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Threshold concentrations for treatment related effects of 31 insecticides, as derived from aquatic micro-/mesocosm tests, were used to calibrate the predictive value of the European Tier-1 acute effect assessment on basis of laboratory toxicity tests with Daphnia magna, Chironomus spp., Americamysis bahia and Gammarus pulex. The acute Tier-1 effect assessment on basis of Daphnia (EC50/100) overall was protective for organophosphates, carbamates and most pyrethroids but not for neonicotinoids and the majority of insect growth regulators (IGRs) in the database. By including the 28-day water-spiked Chironomus riparius test, the effect assessment improves but selecting the lowest value on basis of the 48-h Daphnia test (EC50/100) and the 28-day Chironomus test (NOEC/10) is not fully protective for 4 out of 23 insecticide cases. An assessment on basis of G. pulex (EC50/100) is sufficiently protective for 15 out of 19 insecticide cases. The Tier-1 procedure on basis of acute toxicity data (EC50/100) for the combination of Daphnia and A. bahia and/or Chironomus (new EU dossier requirements currently under discussion) overall is protective to pulsed insecticide exposures in micro-/mesocosms. For IGRs that affect moulting, the effect assessment on basis of the 48-h Chironomus test (EC50/100) may not always be protective enough to replace that of the water-spiked 28-day C. riparius test (NOEC/10) because of latency of effects.
机译：来自水生微观/中观宇宙试验的31种杀虫剂与治疗相关作用的阈值浓度，根据大型蚤（Daphnia magna，Chironomus spp。）的实验室毒性试验，用于校准欧洲Tier-1急性作用评估的预测值。美洲念珠菌巴伊亚州和伽玛鲁斯犬。基于水蚤（EC50 / 100）的急性Tier-1效果评估总体上对有机磷酸盐，氨基甲酸酯和大多数拟除虫菊酯具有保护作用，但对新烟碱类和数据库中的大多数昆虫生长调节剂（IGR）则没有保护作用。通过包括28天加水的Chironomus riparius测试，效果评估有所改善，但基于48小时水蚤测试（EC50 / 100）和28天Chironomus测试（NOEC / 10）选择最低值并没有在23种杀虫剂病例中有4种具有完全保护作用。对葛缕子的评估（EC50 / 100）足以保护19例杀虫剂中的15例。基于水蚤和巴氏杆菌和/或Chironomus的急性毒性数据（EC50 / 100）的Tier-1程序（目前正在讨论的新EU档案要求）总体上可防止微观/中型宇宙中的脉冲杀虫剂暴露。对于影响换羽的IGR，基于48小时Chironomus测试（EC50 / 100）进行的效果评估可能并不总是具有足够的保护性，可以代替水加标的28天rip.us鲤鱼测试（NOEC / 10），因为的潜伏期。

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