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Genetic diversity and genetic relationships of japonica rice varieties in Northeast Asia based on SSR markers

机译：基于SSR标记的东北亚粳稻品种遗传多样性和亲缘关系

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摘要

Genetic diversity and the relationship among nine japonica rice groups consisting of 288 landraces and varieties in different geographical origins of Northeast Asia (China, Japan, Korea, Democratic People's Republic of Korea) and the Russian Far East district of the Russian Federation were evaluated with 154 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 823 alleles were detected. The observed allele numbers (Na) per locus, Nei's gene diversity (He) and the polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 2 to 9, 0.061 to 0.869 and 0.060 to 0.856, with an average of 5.344, 0.624 and 0.586, respectively. Five SSR loci, RM1350, RM1369, RM257, RM336 and RM1374, provided the highest PIC values and are potential for exploring the genetic diversity of rice cultivars in Northeast Asia. Molecular variance analysis showed that a significant difference existed both among groups (91.6%) and within each group (8.4%). The low genetic variation within each group indicated that the gene pool is narrow and alien genetic variation should be introduced into the rice breeding program in Northeast Asia. Based on the He and PIC values, the nine groups were ranked in a descending order: Heilongjiang landraces, Jilin landraces, Japanese improved varieties, Heilongjiang improved varieties, Russian Far East district of the Russian Federation improved varieties, Liaoning improved varieties, Jilin improved varieties, Korean improved varieties and Democratic People's Republic of Korea improved varieties. The nine groups were further divided into three subgroups and the 288 varieties into five clusters. This study provided information for parent selection in order to broaden the gene pool of the japonica rice germplasm in Northeast Asia.
机译：对东北亚（中国，日本，韩国，朝鲜民主主义人民共和国）和俄罗斯联邦俄罗斯远东地区不同地理起源的288个地方品种和品种组成的9个粳稻群体的遗传多样性及其之间的关系进行了154个评估。简单序列重复（SSR）标记。总共检测到823个等位基因。每个基因座的观察到的等位基因数（Na），Nei的基因多样性（He）和多态性信息含量（PIC）的范围为2到9、0.061到0.869和0.060到0.856，平均分别为5.344、0.624和0.586。五个SSR基因座，RM1350，RM1369，RM257，RM336和RM1374提供了最高的PIC值，对于探索东北亚水稻品种的遗传多样性具有潜力。分子方差分析表明，两组之间（91.6％）和各组内（8.4％）均存在显着差异。每组中的低遗传变异表明基因库很窄，应将外来遗传变异引入东北亚水稻育种计划。根据He和PIC值，将这9个组按降序排列：黑龙江地方品种，吉林地方品种，日本改良品种，黑龙江改良品种，俄罗斯联邦俄罗斯远东地区改良品种，辽宁改良品种，吉林改良品种，韩国改良品种和朝鲜民主主义人民共和国改良品种。九个组进一步分为三个亚组，而288个品种又分为五个集群。为拓宽东北亚粳稻种质资源的基因库提供了信息。

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