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The polarizing effects of group discussion in a negative normative context: Integrating societal‐ group‐ and individual‐level factors

机译:负面规范性背景下的小组讨论的两极影响:整合社会小组和个人层面的因素

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摘要

In this research, we investigate how a negative (or hostile) norm regarding minorities at the societal level can fuel polarization between majority subgroups at the local level. We hypothesize that rapid social change in the form of polarization results from the interplay between small group processes and perceptions of society at large. By employing a novel analytic approach that uses variances to capture non‐linear societal change, we were able to study polarization processes. In three studies among high school and university students (N = 347), we manipulated the majority norm about a minority category (positive vs. negative). Subsequently, participants read about a minority member's ambiguous behaviour and evaluated this target. All studies used a similar paradigm, but they varied in whether or not participants discussed the ambiguous behaviour within local groups. Results showed that the majority norm at the societal level affected perceptions of the minority member's behaviour when people discussed this behaviour in a local majority group but not when they reflected on it individually. Specifically, group discussions led to polarization between local groups within a broader social category, but only in the context of a negative majority norm. This effect was predicted by the a priori perception of the local group norm. Results are discussed in terms of the integration of society‐ and group‐level processes when studying the development of intergroup attitudes and practical implications for the coarsening climate of the societal debate about current societal issues.
机译:在这项研究中,我们调查了关于社会少数群体的消极(或敌对)规范如何助长当地少数群体之间的两极分化。我们假设两极分化形式的快速社会变革是由小团体过程与整个社会的认知之间的相互作用导致的。通过采用一种新颖的分析方法,该方法使用方差来捕获非线性社会变化,因此我们能够研究极化过程。在高中和大学学生中的三项研究中(N = 347),我们操纵了关于少数群体类别(正与负)的多数准则。随后,参与者了解了少数群体成员的big昧行为,并评估了该目标。所有研究都使用了类似的范例,但是对于参与者是否讨论了本地人群中的歧义行为,他们存在差异。结果显示,当人们在当地多数群体中讨论少数群体行为时,社会上的多数规范会影响对少数群体成员行为的看法,但当他们单独反映该行为时却没有。具体而言,小组讨论导致更广泛的社会类别中的本地群体之间出现两极分化,但仅在负多数席位的情况下。通过对本地群体规范的先验感知可以预测这种效果。在研究群体间态度的发展以及对当前关于社会问题的社会辩论的粗化气候的实际影响时,将根据社会和群体层面过程的整合来讨论结果。

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