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Biomass and elemental concentrations of 22 rice cultivars grown under alternate wetting and drying conditions at three field sites in Bangladesh

机译：孟加拉国三个田间地点在交替湿润和干燥条件下种植的22个水稻品种的生物量和元素浓度

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As the global population grows, demand on food production will also rise. For rice, one limiting factor effecting production could be availability of fresh water, hence adoption of techniques that decrease water usage while maintaining or increasing crop yield are needed. Alternative wetting and drying (AWD) is one of these techniques. AWD is a method by which the level of water within a rice field cycles between being flooded and nonflooded during the growth period of the rice crop. The degree to which AWD affects cultivars differently has not been adequately addressed to date. In this study, 22 rice cultivars, mostly landraces of the aus subpopulation, plus some popular improved indica cultivars from Bangladesh, were tested for their response to AWD across three different field sites in Bangladesh. Grain and shoot elemental concentrations were determined at harvest. Overall, AWD slightly increased grain mass and harvest index compared to plants grown under continually flooded (CF) conditions. Plants grown under AWD had decreased concentrations of nitrogen in their straw compared to plants grown under CF. The concentration of elements in the grain were also affected when plants were grown under AWD compared to CF: Nickel, copper, cadmium and iron increased, but sodium, potassium, calcium, cobalt, phosphorus, molybdenum and arsenic decreased in the grains of plants grown under AWD. However, there was some variation in these patterns across different sites. Analysis of variance revealed no significant cultivar × treatment interaction, or site × cultivar × treatment interaction, for any of the plant mass traits. Of the elements analyzed, only grain cadmium concentrations were significantly affected by treatment × cultivar interactions. These data suggest that there is no genetic adaptation amongst the cultivars screened for response to AWD, except for grain cadmium concentration and imply that breeding specifically for AWD is not needed.
机译：随着全球人口的增长，对粮食生产的需求也将上升。对于水稻来说，影响产量的一个限制因素可能是淡水的可利用性，因此需要采用在保持或增加作物产量的同时减少用水量的技术。替代的润湿和干燥（AWD）是这些技术之一。 AWD是一种在稻田生长期间，稻田中水位在被淹没与未被淹没之间循环的方法。迄今为止，尚未充分解决AWD对品种的不同影响程度。在这项研究中，测试了22个水稻品种，主要是澳大利亚亚种的地方品种，再加上孟加拉国一些受欢迎的改良improved稻品种，它们在孟加拉国三个不同的田地对AWD的反应均得到了测试。在收获时测定谷物和芽的元素浓度。总体而言，与在连续淹水（CF）条件下生长的植物相比，AWD略微增加了谷物的质量和收获指数。与在CF下生长的植物相比，在AWD下生长的植物的秸秆中氮的浓度降低。与CF相比，在AWD下生长时，谷物中元素的浓度也受到影响：生长的谷物中镍，铜，镉和铁的含量增加，但钠，钾，钙，钴，磷，钼和砷的含量降低在AWD下。但是，这些模式在不同站点之间存在一些差异。方差分析显示，对于任何植物质量性状，没有显着的品种×处理交互作用或位点×品种×处理交互作用。在分析的元素中，只有谷物镉浓度受处理x品种相互作用的显着影响。这些数据表明，除了谷物镉浓度外，在筛选出的对AWD应答的品种之间没有遗传适应性，这意味着不需要专门针对AWD进行育种。

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