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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Wiley-Blackwell Online Open >Molecular phylogeny of two unusual brown algae Phaeostrophion irregulare and Platysiphon glacialis proposal of the Stschapoviales ord. nov. and Platysiphonaceae fam. nov. and a re‐examination of divergence times for brown algal orders
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Molecular phylogeny of two unusual brown algae Phaeostrophion irregulare and Platysiphon glacialis proposal of the Stschapoviales ord. nov. and Platysiphonaceae fam. nov. and a re‐examination of divergence times for brown algal orders

机译：Stschapoviales ord的建议是两种不寻常的褐藻的分子系统发育即不规则磷螺和Platysiphon glacialis。十一月和桔梗家族。 11月并重新检验棕色藻类订单的发散时间

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The molecular phylogeny of brown algae was examined using concatenated DNA sequences of seven chloroplast and mitochondrial genes (atpB, psaA, psaB, psbA, psbC, rbcL, and cox1). The study was carried out mostly from unialgal cultures; we included Phaeostrophion irregulare and Platysiphon glacialis because their ordinal taxonomic positions were unclear. Overall, the molecular phylogeny agreed with previously published studies, however, Platysiphon clustered with Halosiphon and Stschapovia and was paraphyletic with the Tilopteridales. Platysiphon resembled Stschapovia in showing remarkable morphological changes between young and mature thalli. Platysiphon, Halosiphon and Stschapovia also shared parenchymatous, terete, erect thalli with assimilatory filaments in whorls or on the distal end. Based on these results, we proposed a new order Stschapoviales and a new family Platysiphonaceae. We proposed to include Phaeostrophion in the Sphacelariales, and we emended the order to include this foliose member. Finally, using basal taxa not included in earlier studies, the origin and divergence times for brown algae were re‐investigated. Results showed that the Phaeophyceae branched from Schizocladiophyceae ~260 Ma during the Permian Period. The early diverging brown algae had isomorphic life histories, whereas the derived taxa with heteromorphic life histories evolved 155–110 Ma when they branched from the basal taxa. Based on these results, we propose that the development of heteromorphic life histories and their success in the temperate and cold‐water regions was induced by the development of the remarkable seasonality caused by the breakup of Pangaea. Most brown algal orders had diverged by roughly 60 Ma, around the last mass extinction event during the Cretaceous Period, and therefore a drastic climate change might have triggered the divergence of brown algae.
机译：使用七个叶绿体和线粒体基因（atpB，psaA，psaB，psbA，psbC，rbcL和cox1）的串联DNA序列检查了褐藻的分子系统发育。这项研究主要是从单性的文化中进行的。我们纳入了不规则费氏营养菌和桔梗，因为它们的顺序分类位置尚不清楚。总体而言，分子系统发育与先前发表的研究一致，但是，桔梗与Halosiphon和Stschapovia聚在一起，并与拟翅目共生。桔梗类似于Stschapovia，表现出幼小和成熟的塔利之间显着的形态变化。 Platysiphon，Halosiphon和 Stschapovia 也共享薄壁的，圆柱状的，直立的thalli，在轮生或远端带有同化细丝。基于这些结果，我们提出了一个新的目的链金龟子和一个新的桔梗科。我们建议在方球菌属中加入 Phoeostrophion ，并修改了将该叶状成员包括在内的顺序。最后，使用早期研究未包括的基础分类单元，对褐藻的起源和发散时间进行了重新调查。结果表明，在二叠纪，细菌科从裂殖科（Schizocladiophyceae）〜260 Ma分支。早期发散的褐藻具有同构生命史，而具有异形生活史的衍生类群从基类群分支时演化为155-110 Ma。根据这些结果，我们认为，由于Pangaea破裂引起的显着季节性的发展，导致了异质性生活史的发展及其在温带和冷水地区的成功。在白垩纪末次大灭绝事件前后，大多数褐藻订单相差约60 Ma，因此剧烈的气候变化可能触发了褐藻的分化。

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