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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Wiley-Blackwell Online Open >Effects of Seasonal Operation on the Quality of Water Produced by Public-Supply Wells
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Effects of Seasonal Operation on the Quality of Water Produced by Public-Supply Wells

机译：季节性作业对公共供水井出水水质的影响

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Seasonal variability in groundwater pumping is common in many places, but resulting effects of seasonal pumping stress on the quality of water produced by public-supply wells are not thoroughly understood. Analysis of historical water-quality samples from public-supply wells completed in deep basin-fill aquifers in Modesto, California (134 wells) and Albuquerque, New Mexico (95 wells) indicates that several wells have seasonal variability in concentrations of contaminants of concern. In Modesto, supply wells are more likely to produce younger groundwater with higher nitrate and uranium concentrations during the summer (high) pumping season than during the winter (low) pumping season. In Albuquerque, supply wells are more likely to produce older groundwater with higher arsenic concentrations during the winter pumping season than during the summer pumping season. Seasonal variability in contaminant concentrations in Modesto is influenced primarily by effects of summer pumping on vertical hydraulic gradients that drive migration of shallow groundwater through the aquifer to supply wells. Variability in Albuquerque is influenced primarily by the period of time that a supply well is idle, allowing its wellbore to act as a conduit for vertical groundwater flow and contaminant migration. However, both processes are observed in each study area. Similar findings would appear to be likely in other alluvial basins with stratified water quality and substantial vertical head gradients. Results suggest that even in aquifers dominated by old groundwater, changes to seasonal pumping patterns and/or to depth of well completion can help reduce vulnerability to selected contaminants of either natural or anthropogenic origin.
机译：地下水抽水的季节性变化在许多地方很普遍，但是对季节性抽水压力对公共供水井产生的水质的最终影响尚不完全清楚。对加利福尼亚州莫德斯托（134口井）和新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基（95口井）的深盆地填充水层中完成的公共供水井的历史水质样本进行的分析表明，一些井的污染物浓度具有季节性变化。在莫德斯托，补给井在夏季（高）抽水季节比冬季（低）抽水季节更有可能产生较年轻的地下水，其中硝酸盐和铀的浓度更高。在阿尔伯克基，与夏季抽水季节相比，冬季抽水季节中，补给井更有可能产生含砷浓度较高的较老的地下水。莫德斯托污染物浓度的季节性变化主要受到夏季抽水对垂直水力梯度的影响，垂直水力梯度促使浅层地下水通过含水层迁移至补给井。阿尔伯克基的变化主要受到供应井闲置时间的影响，供应井的井眼可以用作垂直地下水流和污染物迁移的管道。但是，在每个研究区域都观察到了这两个过程。在水质分层且水头垂直梯度较大的其他冲积盆地中，类似的发现似乎也是可能的。结果表明，即使在以旧地下水为主的含水层中，季节性抽水方式和/或完井深度的变化也可以帮助减少对自然或人为来源的选定污染物的脆弱性。

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