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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Wiley-Blackwell Online Open >Deriving site-specific clean-up criteria to protect ecological receptors (plants and soil invertebrates) exposed to metal or metalloid soil contaminants via the direct contact exposure pathway
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Deriving site-specific clean-up criteria to protect ecological receptors (plants and soil invertebrates) exposed to metal or metalloid soil contaminants via the direct contact exposure pathway

机译：得出针对特定地点的清理标准以保护通过直接接触暴露途径暴露于金属或准金属土壤污染物的生态受体（植物和土壤无脊椎动物）

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Soil contaminant concentration limits for the protection of terrestrial plants and soil invertebrates are commonly based on thresholds derived using data from laboratory ecotoxicity tests. A comprehensive assessment has been made for the derivation of ecological soil screening levels (Eco-SSL) in the United States; however, these limits are conservative because of their focus on high bioavailability scenarios. Here, we explain and evaluate approaches to soil limit derivation taken by 4 jurisdictions, 2 of which allow for correction of data for factors affecting bioavailability among soils, and between spiked and field-contaminated soils (Registration Evaluation Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals [REACH] Regulation, European Union [EU], and the National Environment Protection Council [NEPC], Australia). Scientifically advanced features from these methods have been integrated into a newly developed method for deriving soil clean-up values (SCVs) within the context of site-specific baseline ecological risk assessment. Resulting site-specific SCVs that account for bioavailability may permit a greater residual concentration in soil when compared to generic screening limit concentrations (e.g., Eco-SSL), while still affording acceptable protection. Two choices for selecting the level of protection are compared (i.e., allowing higher effect levels per species, or allowing a higher percentile of species that are potentially unprotected). Implementation of this new method is presented for the jurisdiction of the United States, with a focus on metal and metalloid contaminants; however, the new method can be used in any jurisdiction. A case study for molybdate shows the large effect of bioavailability corrections and smaller effects of protection level choices when deriving SCVs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:346–357.
机译：保护陆生植物和无脊椎动物的土壤污染物浓度限值通常基于使用实验室生态毒性测试数据得出的阈值。已经对美国生态土壤筛选水平（Eco-SSL）的推导进行了全面评估；但是，这些限制是保守的，因为它们专注于高生物利用度方案。在这里，我们解释和评估了4个司法管辖区采用的土壤限量推导方法，其中2个司法管辖区允许校正影响土壤之间以及加标土壤和田间土壤之间的生物利用度的数据（注册评估授权和化学品限制[REACH]欧洲联盟[EU]和澳大利亚国家环境保护委员会[NEPC]的法规）。这些方法的科学先进功能已集成到一种新开发的方法中，该方法可在特定于站点的基准生态风险评估的背景下得出土壤清除值（SCV）。与通用筛选极限浓度（例如，Eco-SSL）相比，导致生物利用度的特定位点SCV可能允许土壤中残留浓度更高，同时仍然提供可接受的保护。比较了选择保护级别的两种选择（即，允许每个物种更高的效果级别，或允许更高级别的潜在未受保护物种的百分比）。提出了在美国管辖范围内实施这种新方法的方法，重点是金属和准金属污染物。但是，新方法可在任何司法管辖区使用。钼酸盐的案例研究表明，在推导SCV时，生物利用度校正的作用很大，而保护水平选择的影响较小。 Integr环境评估管理杂志2014； 10：346–357。

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