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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Wiley-Blackwell Online Open >Disentangling the effects of plant species invasion and urban development on arthropod community composition
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Disentangling the effects of plant species invasion and urban development on arthropod community composition

机译：解读植物物种入侵和城市发展对节肢动物群落组成的影响

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Urban development and species invasion are two major global threats to biodiversity. These threats often co‐occur, as developed areas are more prone to species invasion. However, few empirical studies have tested if both factors affect biodiversity in similar ways. Here we study the individual and combined effects of urban development and plant invasion on the composition of arthropod communities. We assessed 36 paired invaded and non‐invaded sample plots, invaded by the plant , with half of these pairs located in natural and the other half in developed land‐use types on the Caribbean island of St. Eustatius. We used several taxonomic and functional variables to describe community composition and diversity. Our results show that both urban development and invasion affected community composition, albeit in different ways. Development significantly increased species richness and exponential Shannon diversity, while invasion had no effect on these variables. However, invasion significantly increased arthropod abundance and caused biotic homogenization. Specifically, uninvaded arthropod communities were distinctly different in species composition between developed and natural sites, while they became undistinguishable after invasion. Moreover, functional variables were significantly affected by species invasion, but not by urban development. Invaded communities had higher community‐weighted mean body size and the feeding guild composition of invaded arthropod communities was characterized by the exceptional numbers of nectarivores, herbivores, and detritivores. With the exception of species richness and exponential Shannon diversity, invasion influenced four out of six response variables to a greater degree than urban development did. Hence, we can conclude that species invasion is not just a passenger of urban development but also a driver of change.
机译：城市发展和物种入侵是对生物多样性的两个主要全球性威胁。这些威胁通常同时发生，因为发达地区更容易发生物种入侵。但是，很少有经验研究检验这两个因素是否以相似的方式影响生物多样性。在这里，我们研究了城市发展和植物入侵对节肢动物群落组成的个体和综合影响。我们评估了植物入侵的36个成对的入侵和非入侵的样地，其中一半位于自然环境，另一半位于加勒比海圣尤斯达蒂斯岛的发达土地利用类型中。我们使用了几个分类和功能变量来描述社区组成和多样性。我们的结果表明，城市发展和入侵都以不同的方式影响着社区组成。发展显着增加了物种丰富度和指数香农多样性，而入侵对这些变量没有影响。然而，入侵显着增加了节肢动物的丰度并导致生物均质化。具体地说，未入侵的节肢动物群落的物种组成在发达和自然地点之间明显不同，而在入侵后它们却变得无法区分。此外，功能变量受到物种入侵的显着影响，但不受城市发展的影响。入侵社区具有较高的社区加权平均体重，入侵节肢动物社区的进食行会组成以油桃，食草动物和有害菌的数量众多为特征。除物种丰富度和香农指数多样性外，入侵对六个响应变量中的四个的影响程度比城市发展更大。因此，我们可以得出结论，物种入侵不仅是城市发展的客流，而且是变革的驱动力。

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