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首页> 外文期刊>Accident Analysis & Prevention >Looking forward to safer HGVs: The impact of mirrors on driver reaction times
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Looking forward to safer HGVs: The impact of mirrors on driver reaction times

机译：期待更安全的HGV：后视镜对驾驶员反应时间的影响

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摘要

Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) collisions are responsible for a disproportionate number of urban vulnerable road user casualties (VRU cyclists and pedestrians). Blind-spots to the front and side of HGVs can make it difficult (sometimes impossible) to detect close proximity VRUs and may be the cause of some collisions. The current solution to this problem is to provide additional mirrors that can allow the driver to see into the blind-spots. However, keeping track of many mirrors requires frequent off-road glances which can be difficult to execute during demanding driving situations. One suggestion is that driving safety could be improved by redesigning cabs in order to reduce/remove blind-spot regions, with the aim of reducing the need for mirrors, and increasing detection rates (and thereby reducing collisions). To examine whether mirrors delay driver responses we created a series of simulated driving tasks and tested regular car drivers and expert HGV drivers. First we measured baseline reaction times to objects appearing when not driving ('Parked'). Participants then repeated the task whilst driving through a simulated town (primary driving tasks were steering, braking, and following directional signs): driving slowed reaction dines to objects visible in mirrors but not to objects visible through the front windscreen. In a second experiment cognitive load was increased, this slowed RTs overall but did not alter the pattern of responses across windows and mirrors. Crucially, we demonstrate that the distribution of mirror RTs can be captured simply by the mirror's spatial position (eccentricity). These findings provide robust evidence that drivers are slower reacting to objects only visible in eccentric mirrors compared to direct viewing through the front windscreen.
机译：重型货车（HGV）的碰撞是造成城市弱势道路使用者伤亡人数（VRU骑自行车的人和行人）不成比例的原因。 HGV正面和侧面的盲点可能会使检测近距离VRU变得困难（有时是不可能的），并且可能是某些碰撞的原因。该问题的当前解决方案是提供附加的镜子，该镜子可以使驾驶员看到盲区。然而，要跟踪许多后视镜需要频繁的越野扫视，这在要求苛刻的驾驶情况下可能很难执行。一种建议是，可以通过重新设计驾驶室以减少/移除盲区来提高驾驶安全性，以减少对后视镜的需求，并提高检测率（从而减少碰撞）。为了检查后视镜是否会延迟驾驶员的反应，我们创建了一系列模拟驾驶任务，并测试了常规汽车驾驶员和专家HGV驾驶员。首先，我们测量了不开车时出现的物体的基线反应时间（“停放”）。然后，参与者在穿越模拟城镇的过程中重复执行该任务（主要的驾驶任务是转向，制动和遵循方向指示牌）：对镜子中可见的对象但对前挡风玻璃上可见的对象的驾驶反应迟钝。在第二个实验中，认知负荷增加了，这总体上减慢了RT，但没有改变跨窗户和镜子的响应模式。至关重要的是，我们证明了反射镜RT的分布可以简单地通过反射镜的空间位置（偏心率）来捕获。这些发现提供了有力的证据，与通过前挡风玻璃进行直接观察相比，驾驶员对偏心镜中可见的物体的反应较慢。

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