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首页> 外文期刊>Accident Analysis & Prevention >Comparison of driving simulator performance with real driving after alcohol intake: A randomised, single blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial
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Comparison of driving simulator performance with real driving after alcohol intake: A randomised, single blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial

机译：酒后驾驶模拟器与真实驾驶的性能比较：一项随机，单盲，安慰剂对照，交叉试验

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摘要

The purpose of this study was to establish and validate a driving simulator method for assessing drug effects on driving. To achieve this, we used ethanol as a positive control, and examined whether ethanol affects driving performance in the simulator, and whether these effects are consistent with performance during real driving on a test track, also under the influence of ethanol. Twenty healthy male volunteers underwent a total of six driving trials of 1 h duration; three in an instrumented vehicle on a closed-circuit test track that closely resembled rural Norwegian road conditions, and three in the simulator with a driving scenario modelled after the test track. Test subjects were either sober or titrated to blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels of 0.5 g/L and 0.9 g/L The study was conducted in a randomised, crossover, single-blind fashion, using placebo drinks and placebo pills as confounders. The primary outcome measure was standard deviation of lateral position (SDLP; "weaving"). Eighteen test subjects completed all six driving trials, and complete data were acquired from 18 subjects in the simulator and 10 subjects on the test track, respectively. There was a positive dose-response relationship between higher ethanol concentrations and increases in SDLP in both the simulator and on the test track (p< 0.001 for both). In the simulator, this dose-response was evident already after 15 min of driving. SDLP values were higher and showed a larger inter-individual variability in the simulator than on the test track. Most subjects displayed a similar relationship between BAC and SDLP in the simulator and on the test track; however, a few subjects showed striking dissimilarities, with very high SDLP values in the simulator. This may reflect the lack of perceived danger in the simulator, causing reckless driving in a few test subjects. Overall, the results suggest that SDLP in the driving simulator is a sensitive measure of ethanol impaired driving. The comparison with real driving implies relative external validity of the simulator.
机译：这项研究的目的是建立和验证一种用于评估药物对驾驶的影响的驾驶模拟器方法。为达到此目的，我们使用乙醇作为阳性对照，并检查了乙醇是否影响模拟器中的驾驶性能，以及这些影响是否与实际行驶在测试轨道上（在乙醇的影响下）的性能一致。 20名健康的男性志愿者共进行了6次1小时持续性的驾驶试验。其中三辆是在闭路测试轨道上的仪表车上，这与挪威农村的道路状况极为相似，三辆是在模拟器中以测试轨道为模型的驾驶场景。使测试对象清醒或滴定至0.5 g / L和0.9 g / L的血液酒精浓度（BAC）水平。该研究以随机，交叉，单盲方式进行，使用安慰剂饮料和安慰剂药丸作为混杂因素。主要结果指标是侧位标准偏差（SDLP；“编织”）。 18名测试对象完成了所有六个驾驶试验，并且分别从模拟器中的18个对象和测试轨道上的10个对象中获取了完整的数据。在模拟器中和测试轨道上，较高的乙醇浓度和SDLP的增加之间存在正剂量反应关系（两者均p <0.001）。在模拟器中，这种剂量反应在驾驶15分钟后就已经很明显了。 SDLP值较高，并且与测试轨道相比，模拟器中的个体间差异更大。大多数对象在模拟器中和测试轨道上都显示出BAC和SDLP之间的相似关系。但是，一些对象显示出惊人的差异，模拟器中的SDLP值非常高。这可能反映出模拟器中缺乏感知到的危险，从而导致一些测试对象鲁re驾驶。总体而言，结果表明，驾驶模拟器中的SDLP是酒精损害驾驶行为的敏感指标。与实际驾驶的比较暗示了模拟器的相对外部有效性。

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  • 来源
    《Accident Analysis & Prevention》 |2013年第4期|9-16|共8页
  • 作者

    Arne Helland; Gunnar D. Jenssen; Lone-Eirin Lervag; Andreas Austgulen Westin; Terje Moen; Kristian Sakshaug; Stian Lydersen; Jørg Mørland; Lars Slørdal;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Olav University Hospital, Pb 3250 Sluppen, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;

    SINTEF Technology and Society, Department of Transport Research, Trondheim, Norway;

    SINTEF Technology and Society, Department of Transport Research, Trondheim, Norway;

    Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Olav University Hospital, Pb 3250 Sluppen, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway;

    SINTEF Technology and Society, Department of Transport Research, Trondheim, Norway;

    SINTEF Technology and Society, Department of Transport Research, Trondheim, Norway;

    The Regional Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;

    National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway;

    Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Olav University Hospital, Pb 3250 Sluppen, NO-7006 Trondheim, Norway,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    automobile driving; traffic accidents; ethanol;

    机译：汽车驾驶;交通事故;乙醇;

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