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首页> 外文期刊>Accident Analysis & Prevention >Effect of head restraint backset on head-neck kinematics in whiplash
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Effect of head restraint backset on head-neck kinematics in whiplash

机译：甩头枕对鞭打时头部-颈部运动学的影响

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摘要

Although head restraints were introduced in the 1960s as a countermeasure for whiplash, their limited effectiveness has been attributed to incorrect positioning. The effect of backset on cervical segmental angulations, which were previously correlated with spinal injury, has not been delineated. Therefore, the practical restraint position to minimize injury remains unclear. A parametric study of increasing head restraint backset between 0 and 140 mm was conducted using a comprehensively validated computational model. Head retraction values increased with increasing backset, reaching a maximum value of 53.5 mm for backsets greater than 60 mm. Segmental angulation magnitudes, greatest at levels C5-C6 and C6-C7, reached maximum values during the retraction phase and increased with increasing backset. Results were compared to a previously published head restraint rating system, wherein lower cervical extension magnitudes from this study exceeded mean physiologic limits for restraint positions rated good, acceptable, marginal, and poor. As head restraint contact was the limiting factor in head retraction and segmental angulations, the present study indicates that minimizing whiplash injury may be accomplished by limiting head restraint backset to less than 60 mm either passively or actively after impact.
机译：尽管头枕在1960年代被引入作为对付鞭打的一种对策，但其局限性却归因于不正确的定位。偏头痛对颈段节段角的影响（以前与脊髓损伤有关）尚未被描述。因此，使伤害最小化的实际约束位置仍然不清楚。使用全面验证的计算模型进行了在0到140 mm之间增加头枕后退的参数研究。头部缩进值随着偏斜度的增加而增加，对于大于60毫米的偏斜度，最大值达到53.5毫米。在回缩阶段，节段角度幅度最大，在水平C5-C6和C6-C7处达到最大值，并随着偏移的增加而增加。将结果与先前发布的头枕等级系统进行比较，在该系统中，本项研究中较低的颈椎伸展幅度超出了被评定为良好，可接受，边缘和较差的约束位置的平均生理极限。由于头枕接触是限制头后移和节段成角的因素，因此本研究表明，通过将头枕后倾力限制在被动或主动后小于60 mm的范围内，可以最大限度地减少鞭打损伤。

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