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The Multiple Facets of Software Diversity: Recent Developments in Year 2000 and Beyond

机译：软件多样性的多个方面：2000年及以后的最新发展

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摘要

Early experiments with software diversity in the mid 1970s investigated N-version programming and recovery blocks to increase the reliability of embedded systems. Four decades later, the literature about software diversity has expanded in multiple directions: goals (fault tolerance, security, software engineering), means (managed or automated diversity), and analytical studies (quantification of diversity and its impact). Our article contributes to the field of software diversity as the first work that adopts an inclusive vision of the area, with an emphasis on the most recent advances in the field. This survey includes classical work about design and data diversity for fault tolerance, as well as the cybersecurity literature that investigates randomization at different system levels. It broadens this standard scope of diversity to include the study and exploitation of natural diversity and the management of diverse software products. Our survey includes the most recent works, with an emphasis from 2000 to the present. The targeted audience is researchers and practitioners in one of the surveyed fields who miss the big picture of software diversity. Assembling the multiple facets of this fascinating topic sheds a new light on the field.
机译：1970年代中期有关软件多样性的早期实验研究了N版本编程和恢复块，以提高嵌入式系统的可靠性。四十年后，有关软件多样性的文献已向多个方向扩展：目标（容错，安全性，软件工程），均值（托管或自动多样性）和分析研究（多样性及其影响的量化）。我们的文章为软件多样性领域做出了贡献，这是该领域具有包容性愿景的第一部著作，重点是该领域的最新进展。该调查包括有关容错的设计和数据多样性的经典著作，以及调查不同系统级别的随机性的网络安全文献。它扩大了多样性的标准范围，以包括对自然多样性的研究和开发以及对各种软件产品的管理。我们的调查包括最新作品，重点从2000年至今。目标受众是被调查领域之一的研究人员和从业人员，他们错过了软件多样性的大背景。汇集这个有趣主题的多个方面，为该领域提供了新的思路。

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