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Systematic Literature Review on Usability of Firewall Configuration

机译：防火墙配置可用性的系统文献综述

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摘要

Firewalls are network security components that handle incoming and outgoing network traffic based on a set of rules. The process of correctly configuring a firewall is complicated and prone to error, and it worsens as the network complexity grows. A poorly configured firewall may result in major security threats; in the case of a network firewall, an organization's security could be endangered, and in the case of a personal firewall, an individual computer's security is threatened. A major reason for poorly configured firewalls, as pointed out in the literature, is usability issues. Our aim is to identify existing solutions that help professional and non-professional users to create and manage firewall configuration files, and to analyze the proposals in respect of usability. A systematic literature review with a focus on the usability of firewall configuration is presented in the article. Its main goal is to explore what has already been done in this field. In the primary selection procedure, 1,202 articles were retrieved and then screened. The secondary selection led us to 35 articles carefully chosen for further investigation, of which 14 articles were selected and summarized. As main contributions, we propose a taxonomy of existing solutions as well as a synthesis and in-depth discussion about the state of the art in firewall usability. Among the main findings, we perceived that there is a lack (or even an absence) of usability evaluation or user studies to validate the proposed models. Although all articles are related to the topic of usability, none of them clearly defines it, and only a few actually employ usability design principles and/or guidelines.
机译：防火墙是网络安全组件，可根据一组规则处理传入和传出的网络流量。正确配置防火墙的过程很复杂并且容易出错，并且随着网络复杂性的增加而恶化。配置不当的防火墙可能会导致严重的安全威胁；对于网络防火墙，可能会危及组织的安全性；对于个人防火墙，则可能威胁到个人计算机的安全性。正如文献所指出的，防火墙配置不佳的主要原因是可用性问题。我们的目标是确定可帮助专业和非专业用户创建和管理防火墙配置文件的现有解决方案，并就可用性方面分析建议。本文介绍了系统的文献综述，重点是防火墙配置的可用性。其主要目标是探索在该领域已经完成的工作。在主要选择过程中，检索了1,202篇文章，然后进行了筛选。通过二次选择，我们精心挑选了35篇文章进行进一步研究，其中选择并总结了14篇文章。作为主要贡献，我们建议对现有解决方案进行分类，并对防火墙可用性的最新技术进行综合和深入讨论。在主要发现中，我们认为缺乏（甚至没有）可用性评估或用户研究来验证所提出的模型。尽管所有文章都与可用性主题相关，但没有一篇文章对其进行明确定义，只有极少数文章实际采用了可用性设计原则和/或准则。

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