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首页> 外文期刊>ACM Computing Surveys >Internet Geolocation: Evasion and Counterevasion
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Internet Geolocation: Evasion and Counterevasion

机译：互联网地理位置：规避和反规避

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摘要

Internet geolocation technology aims to determine the physical (geographic) location of Internet users and devices. It is currently proposed or in use for a wide variety of purposes, including targeted marketing, restricting digital content sales to authorized jurisdictions, and security applications such as reducing credit card fraud. This raises questions about the veracity of claims of accurate and reliable geolocation. We provide a survey of Internet geolocation technologies with an emphasis on adversarial contexts; that is, we consider how this technology performs against a knowledgeable adversary whose goal is to evade geolocation. We do so by examining first the limitations of existing techniques, and then, from this base, determining how best to evade existing geolocation techniques. We also consider two further geolocation techniques which may be of use even against adversarial targets: (1) the extraction of client IP addresses using functionality introduced in the 1.5 Java API, and (2) the collection of round-trip times using HTTP refreshes. These techniques illustrate that the seemingly straightforward technique of evading geolocation by relaying traffic through a proxy server (or network of proxy servers) is not as straightforward as many end-users might expect. We give a demonstration of this for users of the popular Tor anonymizing network.
机译：Internet地理定位技术旨在确定Internet用户和设备的物理（地理位置）位置。当前已经提出或将其用于多种目的，包括定向营销，将数字内容销售限制在授权辖区以及安全应用程序，例如减少信用卡欺诈。这就提出了关于准确和可靠地理位置的主张的准确性的问题。我们提供了互联网地理定位技术的调查报告，重点是对抗性环境；也就是说，我们考虑了这项技术如何针对目标是逃避地理位置的知识渊博的对手。为此，我们首先检查了现有技术的局限性，然后从此基础上确定如何最好地规避现有地理定位技术。我们还考虑了另外两种地理定位技术，这些技术甚至可以用于对抗目标：（1）使用1.5 Java API中引入的功能提取客户端IP地址，以及（2）使用HTTP刷新收集往返时间。这些技术说明，通过代理服务器（或代理服务器网络）中继流量来逃避地理定位的看似直接的技术并不像许多最终用户所期望的那样简单。我们为流行的Tor匿名网络的用户演示了这一点。

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