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A FORGOTTEN FIRST: THE FIRST LIVING CREATURES TO LOOP THE MOON

机译：被遗忘的第一：活生生的月亮

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The space race began with the Soviet Union launching the first artificial satellite, called Sputnik, on October 4,1957. While it was known in the West that the U.S.S.R. was working on rocket boosters, the timing came as a surprise. The United States had been working steadily on a far less ambitious project called Vanguard, managed by the Navy. Vanguard was slow going; however, since President Eisenhower had insisted that the rocket be a "clean-sheet" design, the satellite would not be launched on the military booster then under development, the Atlas. Eisenhower wanted the Vanguard project, despite the Navy's involvement, to be clearly branded as a peaceful effort, and the rocket was being developed from scratch. It did eventually launch after a number of failed attempts, but by then Sputnik had soared into the heavens and shocked the world.
机译：太空竞赛始于1957年10月4日，苏联发射了第一颗人造卫星“人造卫星”。虽然西方人知道苏联正在研发火箭助推器，但时机出乎意料。美国一直在稳步开展一项雄心勃勃的名为“先锋队”的项目，该项目由海军管理。先锋队进展缓慢。但是，由于艾森豪威尔总统一直坚持认为火箭是“干净的”设计，因此卫星不会在当时正在研发的军事助推器“阿特拉斯”上发射。尽管海军参与，艾森豪威尔仍希望将Vanguard项目明确标记为和平努力的烙印，而且火箭是从头开始研制的。经过几次失败的尝试，它最终确实发射了出去，但是到那时人造卫星已经飞入了天堂，震惊了整个世界。

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    《Ad Astra》 |2019年第2期|47-50|共4页
  • 作者

    Jack Hagerty;

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