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Fast convergecast for low-duty-cycled multi-channel wireless sensor networks

机译：用于低占空比多通道无线传感器网络的快速聚合广播

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摘要

Convergecast is a fundamental operation in many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications. To conserve energy, many previous WSN protocols discuss to periodically schedule active timings (or say slots) of transmission links in the network. When collecting data, the slots should be carefully assigned to conserve latency. Recently, the multichannel concept is utilized to facilitate slot assignment. When the network has multiple channels, the convergecast latency can be further reduced since the interferences between transmission links can be eliminated. In this work, we model the above scenario as a minimal delay scheduling (MDS) problem, and prove it as an NP-complete problem. We propose a heuristic algorithm, which contains three phases. In our design, the first phase connects nodes by a shortest path tree with constrained degrees. Then, the second phase assigns slots to links to achieve optimal report latency (regardless of interferences). Finally, the third phase assigns frequency channels to nodes to eliminate interferences between links, and carefully adjust some slots if necessary. Simulation and implementation results indicate that the proposed scheme can effectively reduce the convergecast latency in WSNs with multiple channels. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：在许多无线传感器网络（WSN）应用中，Convergecast是一项基本操作。为了节省能量，许多先前的WSN协议都讨论了定期调度网络中传输链路的活动定时（或说时隙）。收集数据时，应仔细分配插槽以节省等待时间。最近，利用多信道概念来促进时隙分配。当网络具有多个信道时，由于可以消除传输链路之间的干扰，因此可以进一步减少聚合广播延迟。在这项工作中，我们将上述情况建模为最小延迟调度（MDS）问题，并将其证明为NP完全问题。我们提出一种启发式算法，该算法包含三个阶段。在我们的设计中，第一阶段通过具有约束度的最短路径树连接节点。然后，第二阶段将时隙分配给链路以实现最佳报告延迟（无论干扰如何）。最后，第三阶段将频率信道分配给节点，以消除链路之间的干扰，并在必要时仔细调整一些时隙。仿真和实现结果表明，该方案可以有效地减少多信道无线传感器网络中的收敛广播时延。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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