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Simple Bithiophene–Rhodanine-Based Small Molecule Acceptor for Use in Additive-Free Nonfullerene OPVs with Low Energy Loss of 0.51 eV

机译:简单的基于噻吩基-若丹宁的小分子受体,用于无添加剂的非富勒烯OPV,低能量损失为0.51 eV

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The introduction of rigid and extended ladder-type fused-ring cores, such as indacenodithiophene, has enabled the synthesis of a variety of nonfullerene small molecules for use as electron acceptors in high-performance organic photovoltaic cells. Contrasting with recent trends, a very simple-structured nonfullerene acceptor (NFA), T2-ORH, consisting of a bithiophene core and octyl-substituted rhodanine ends, is synthesized in two steps from inexpensive commercially available raw materials. Its relatively short p-conjugation results in a wide bandgap and a blue-shifted UV-vis absorption profile complementary to those of poly[4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl) thiophen-2-yl) benzo[1,2-b: 4,5-b'] dithiophene-co-3-fluorothieno[3,4-b] thiophene-2-carboxylate] (PTB7-Th). Despite a sufficient offset between T2-ORH and PTB7-Th, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of T2-ORH is still higher than the LUMOs of other NFAs (e.g., ITIC). Therefore, the PTB7-Th: T2-ORH blend film exhibits an efficiency of 9.33% with a high open-circuit voltage of 1.07 V and a short-circuit current of 14.72 mA cm(-2) in an additive-free single-junction cell. Importantly, the optimized device displays a remarkably low energy loss of 0.51 eV, in which bimolecular and monomolecular charge recombination is effectively suppressed by solvent vapor annealing treatment. The blend film has a very smooth and homogeneous morphology, providing both vertical and parallel charge transport in the devices.
机译:刚性和延伸梯形稠环环(例如茚并二噻吩)的引入使得能够合成各种非富勒烯小分子,用作高性能有机光伏电池中的电子受体。与最近的趋势相反,由联噻吩核心和辛基取代的罗丹宁末端组成的结构非常简单的非富勒烯受体(NFA)T2-ORH,是由廉价的市售原料分两步合成的。其相对较短的p共轭作用可产生宽带隙和蓝移UV-vis吸收特性,与聚[4,8-双(5-(2-乙基己基)噻吩-2-基)苯并[1, 2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩-co-3-氟噻吩并[3,4-b]噻吩-2-羧酸酯](PTB7-Th)。尽管T2-ORH和PTB7-Th之间有足够的偏移量,但T2-ORH的最低未占用分子轨道(LUMO)能量水平仍然高于其他NFA(例如ITIC)的LUMO。因此,PTB7-Th:T2-ORH混合膜在无添加剂的单结中表现出9.33%的效率,1.07 V的高开路电压和14.72 mA cm(-2)的短路电流细胞。重要的是,优化的器件显示出非常低的能量损失(0.51 eV),其中通过溶剂蒸汽退火处理有效地抑制了双分子和单分子电荷的复合。混合膜具有非常光滑且均匀的形态,可在器件中提供垂直和平行的电荷传输。

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