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首页> 外文期刊>Advanced energy materials >3D Vertically Aligned Li Metal Anodes with Ultrahigh Cycling Currents and Capacities of 10 mA cm~(−2)/20 mAh cm~(−2) Realized by Selective Nucleation within Microchannel Walls
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3D Vertically Aligned Li Metal Anodes with Ultrahigh Cycling Currents and Capacities of 10 mA cm~(−2)/20 mAh cm~(−2) Realized by Selective Nucleation within Microchannel Walls

机译：3D垂直排列的Li金属阳极，具有超高循环电流，通过微通道壁内的选择性成核可实现10 mA cm〜（−2）/ 20 mAh cm〜（−2）的容量

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摘要

Although metallic lithium is regarded as the "Holy Grail" for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and low overpotential, the uncontrollable Li dendrite growth, especially under high current densities and deep plating/striping, has inhibited its practical application. Herein, a 3D-printed, vertically aligned Li anode (3DP-VALi) is shown to efficiently guide Li deposition via a "nucleation within microchannel walls" process, enabling a high-performance, dendrite-free Li anode. Moreover, the microchannels within the microwalls are beneficial for promoting fast Li+ diffusion, supplying large space for the accommodation of Li during the plating/stripping process. The high-surface-area 3D anode design enables high operating current densities and high areal capacities. As a result, the Li-Li symmetric cells using 3DP-VALi demonstrate excellent electrochemical performances as high as 10 mA cm(-2)/10 mAh cm(-2) for 1500 h and 5 mA cm(-2)/20 mAh cm(-2) for 400 h, respectively. Additionally, the Li-S and Li-LiFePO4 cells using 3DP-VALi anodes present excellent cycling stability up to 250 and 800 cycles at a rate of 1 C, respectively. It is believed that these new findings could open a new window for dendrite-free metal anode design and pave the way toward energy storage devices with high energy/power density.
机译：尽管金属锂由于其高理论容量和低过电位而被认为是下一代可充电电池的“圣杯”，但不可控制的Li枝晶的生长，特别是在高电流密度和深电镀/剥离的情况下，阻碍了其实际应用。本文中，显示了3D打印的垂直对齐的Li阳极（3DP-VALi），可通过“微通道壁内的形核”工艺有效地引导Li沉积，从而实现高性能，无枝晶的Li阳极。此外，微壁内的微通道有利于促进快速的Li +扩散，在镀覆/剥离过程中为容纳Li提供了大的空间。高表面积3D阳极设计可实现高工作电流密度和高面积容量。结果，使用3DP-VALi的Li-Li对称电池表现出出色的电化学性能，持续1500 h高达10 mA cm（-2）/ 10 mAh cm（-2）和5 mA cm（-2）/ 20 mAh cm（-2）分别进行400小时。此外，使用3DP-VALi阳极的Li-S和Li-LiFePO4电池分别以1 C的速度在250和800次循环下具有出色的循环稳定性。相信这些新发现可以为无枝晶金属阳极设计打开新的窗口，并为高能量/功率密度的储能设备铺平道路。

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