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Engineering Multimetallic Nanocrystals for Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction Catalysts

机译：高效氧还原催化剂的工程多金属纳米晶体

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Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been extensively investigated as an invariable cathode reaction and the main rate-determining step in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To date, various PtM (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)-based nanocrystals with size, shape, composition and structure control have shown the great potential to catalyze this sluggish cathodic reaction. Recent design principles for engineering PtM (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu)-based multimetallic nanostructures to make them highly active and stable for ORR are reviewed. After a simple description of the ORR mechanism and a general introduction to recent important progress in the controlled synthesis of monodisperse PtM nanoparticles (NPs) for improving the ORR activity, current efforts and achievements in synthetically tuning the catalytically performance of PtM-based multimetallic nanocrystals for getting highly efficient catalysts to enhance both the activity and stability of ORR are highlighted. These typical highly active and stable catalysts include new structure-controlled PtM (M = Fe, Co) NPs, PtM (M = Fe, Cu)-based core/shell NPs, novel PtFe and PtNi-based nanowires (NWs), three-dimensional (3D) Pt3Ni nanoframes, graphene-supported PtFe NPs, and surface-doped PtNi octahedra. These recently developed Pt-based multimetallic nanocrystals with particular characteristics will offer new opportunities to achieve the real-world fuel cell-based electronic vehicle application.
机译：氧还原反应（ORR）已被广泛研究为不变的阴极反应和质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）中的主要速率确定步骤。迄今为止，基于尺寸，形状，组成和结构控制的各种PTM（M = Fe，Co，Ni，Cu），具有尺寸，形状，组成和结构控制的纳米晶体具有促进该缓慢的阴极反应的巨大潜力。综述了基于多数量纳米结构的工程PTM（M = Fe，Co，Ni，Cu）的设计原理，使其对ORR具有高度活跃和稳定性的。在简单描述ORR机制和近来近期对单分散PTM纳米粒子（NPS）的近似重要进展的一般性介绍，用于改善合成调整基于PTM的多金属纳米晶体的催化性能的ORR活性，目前的努力和成就获得高效催化剂来增强ORR的活动和稳定性。这些典型的高活性和稳定的催化剂包括新的结构控制的PTM（M = Fe，CO）NPS，PTM（M = Fe，Cu）基于核/壳NPS，新型PTFE和基于PTNI的纳米线（NWS），三 - 尺寸（3D）PT3NI纳米克，石墨烯支持的PTFE NPS，以及表面掺杂的PTNI Octahedra。这些最近开发了基于PT的多数量纳米晶体，具有特殊的特点将提供新的机会，实现基于世界的燃料电池的电子车辆应用。

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