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Holey 2D Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Energy Storage

机译：多孔2D纳米材料，用于电化学储能

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摘要

2D nanomaterials provide numerous fascinating properties, such as abundant active surfaces and open ion diffusion channels, which enable fast transport and storage of lithium ions and beyond. However, decreased active surfaces, prolonged ion transport pathway, and sluggish ion transport kinetics caused by self-restacking of 2D nanomaterials during electrode assembly remain a major challenge to build high-performance energy storage devices with simultaneously maximized energy and power density as well as long cycle life. To address the above challenge, porosity (or hole) engineering in 2D nanomaterials has become a promising strategy to enable porous 2D nanomaterials with synergetic features combining both 2D nanomaterials and porous architectures. Herein, recent important progress on porous/holey 2D nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage is reviewed, starting with the introduction of synthetic strategies of porous/holey 2D nanomaterials, followed by critical discussion of design rule and their advantageous features. Thereafter, representative work on porous/holey 2D nanomaterials for electrochemical capacitors, lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries, and other emerging battery technologies (lithium-sulfur and metal-air batteries) are presented. The article concludes with perspectives on the future directions for porous/holey 2D nanomaterial in energy storage and conversion applications.
机译：2D纳米材料具有许多引人入胜的特性，例如丰富的活性表面和开放的离子扩散通道，可实现锂离子及其他离子的快速运输和存储。然而，由于电极组装过程中2D纳米材料的自重堆积而导致的活性表面减少，离子传输路径延长以及离子迁移动力学缓慢仍然是构建高性能能量存储设备，同时最大化能量和功率密度以及延长使用寿命的主要挑战。循环寿命。为了解决上述挑战，2D纳米材料中的孔隙度（或孔洞）工程已成为一种有前途的策略，可以使具有2D纳米材料和多孔结构的协同功能的多孔2D纳米材料成为可能。在此，从引入多孔/多孔2D纳米材料的合成策略开始，然后对设计规则及其优势进行了批判性讨论，回顾了用于电化学储能的多孔/多孔2D纳米材料的最新重要进展。此后，介绍了用于电化学电容器，锂离子和钠离子电池以及其他新兴电池技术（锂硫和金属空气电池）的多孔/多孔二维纳米材料的代表性工作。本文总结了多孔/多孔二维纳米材料在能量存储和转换应用中的未来发展方向。

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