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Hierarchical Fabric Decorated with Carbon Nanowire/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites for 1.6 V Wearable Aqueous Supercapacitors

机译:碳纳米线/金属氧化物纳米复合材料装饰的分层织物,用于1.6 V可穿戴式水性超级电容器

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摘要

Aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) may offer comparable or higher energy density than electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) based on organic electrolytes. As such, ASCs may be more suitable for integration into smart textiles, where the use of flammable organic solvents is not acceptable. However, reported ASC devices typically suffer from poor rate capability and low areal loadings. This study demonstrates the development of nitrogen-doped carbon (N-C) nanowire/metal oxide (Fe2O3 and MnO2) nanocomposite electrodes directly produced on the internal surface of a conductive fabric for use as high-rate electrodes for solid-state ASCs. The N-C nanowires provide fast and efficient pathways for electrons, while short diffusion paths within nanosized metal oxides enable fast ion transport, leading to greatly enhanced performance at high rates. The porous structure of the fabric enables high areal capacitance loading in each electrode (approximate to 150 mF cm(-2)). Both electrodes show high specific capacitance of approximate to 180 F g(-1) (Fe2O3) and approximate to 250 F g(-1) (MnO2) and excellent rate capability. Solid-state ASCs assembled by using an aqueous gel electrolyte operate at 1.6 V and deliver over 60 mF cm(-2) during approximate to 50 s charging/discharging time and over 30 mF cm(-2) for approximate to 5 s discharge.
机译:与基于有机电解质的双电层电容器(EDLC)相比,水不对称超级电容器(ASC)可以提供相当或更高的能量密度。因此,在不能使用易燃有机溶剂的情况下,ASC可能更适合集成到智能纺织品中。但是,报告的ASC设备通常具有较差的速率能力和较低的面负载。这项研究证明了直接在导电织物的内表面上生产的氮掺杂碳(N-C)纳米线/金属氧化物(Fe2O3和MnO2)纳米复合电极的发展,这些固体电极可用作固态ASC的高速率电极。 N-C纳米线为电子提供了快速有效的路径,而纳米级金属氧化物中的短扩散路径使离子能够快速传输,从而大大提高了高速率下的性能。织物的多孔结构使每个电极中的面电容负载较高(约150 mF cm(-2))。两个电极均显示出约180 F g(-1)(Fe2O3)和约250 F g(-1)(MnO2)的高比电容,并具有出色的倍率性能。通过使用水性凝胶电解质组装的固态ASC在1.6 V下工作,在大约50 s的充电/放电时间内,输出电流超过60 mF cm(-2),在大约5 s的放电时间内输出电流超过30 mF cm(-2)。

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