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首页> 外文期刊>Advanced energy materials >Mixed Domains Enhance Charge Generation and Extraction in Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells with Small-Molecule Donors
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Mixed Domains Enhance Charge Generation and Extraction in Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells with Small-Molecule Donors

机译：混合域增强了具有小分子供体的体异质结太阳能电池中电荷的产生和提取。

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The interplay between nanomorphology and efficiency of polymer-fullerene bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells has been the subject of intense research, but the generality of these concepts for small-molecule (SM) BHJs remains unclear. Here, the relation between performance; charge generation, recombination, and extraction dynamics; and nanomorphology achievable with two SM donors benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b]dithiophene-pyrido[3,4-b]-pyrazine BDT(PPTh2)(2), namely SM1 and SM2, differing by their side-chains, are examined as a function of solution additive composition. The results show that the additive 1,8-diiodooctane acts as a plasticizer in the blends, increases domain size, and promotes ordering/crystallinity. Surprisingly, the system with high domain purity (SM1) exhibits both poor exciton harvesting and severe charge trapping, alleviated only slightly with increased crystallinity. In contrast, the system consisting of mixed domains and lower crystallinity (SM2) shows both excellent exciton harvesting and low charge recombination losses. Importantly, the onset of large, pure crystallites in the latter (SM2) system reduces efficiency, pointing to possible differences in the ideal morphologies for SM-based BHJ solar cells compared with polymer-fullerene devices. In polymer-based systems, tie chains between pure polymer crystals establish a continuous charge transport network, whereas SM-based active layers may in some cases require mixed domains that enable both aggregation and charge percolation to the electrodes.
机译：聚合物-富勒烯本体-异质结（BHJ）太阳能电池的纳米形态与效率之间的相互作用一直是研究的主题，但这些概念对于小分子（SM）BHJ的通用性仍不清楚。在这里，性能之间的关系；电荷产生，重组和提取动力学；和两个SM供体苯并[1,2-b：4,5-b]二噻吩-吡啶并[3,4-b]-吡嗪BDT（PPTh2）（2），即SM1和SM2可以实现的纳米结构-链作为溶液添加剂组成的函数进行检查。结果表明，添加剂1,8-二碘辛烷在共混物中充当增塑剂，增加了畴尺寸，并促进了有序性/结晶性。出乎意料的是，具有高域纯度（SM1）的系统既表现出较弱的激子收割性能，又表现出严重的电荷俘获作用，仅随着结晶度的提高而略有缓解。相反，由混合域和较低结晶度（SM2）组成的系统显示出优异的激子收割和低电荷重组损失。重要的是，后者（SM2）系统中大型纯微晶的出现降低了效率，这表明与聚合物富勒烯器件相比，基于SM的BHJ太阳能电池的理想形态可能存在差异。在基于聚合物的系统中，纯聚合物晶体之间的键链建立了一个连续的电荷传输网络，而在某些情况下，基于SM的活性层可能需要混合域，既使聚集又使电荷渗入电极。

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