Understanding and Eliminating Hysteresis for Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Wang Changlei; Xiao Chuanxiao; Yu Yue; Zhao Dewei; Awni Rasha A.; Grice Corey R.; Ghimire Kiran; Constantinou Iordania; Liao Weiqiang; Cimaroli Alexander J.; Liu Pei; Chen Jing; Podraza Nikolas J.; Jiang Chun-Sheng; Al-Jassim Mowafak M.; Zhao Xingzhong; Yan Yanfa

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Understanding and Eliminating Hysteresis for Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

机译：理解和消除高效平面钙钛矿太阳能电池的磁滞现象

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Through detailed device characterization using cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and trap density of states measurements, we identify that the J-V hysteresis seen in planar organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) using SnO2 electron selective layers (ESLs) synthesized by low-temperature plasma-enhanced atomic-layer deposition (PEALD) method is mainly caused by the imbalanced charge transportation between the ESL/perovskite and the hole selective layer/perovskite interfaces. We find that this charge transportation imbalance is originated from the poor electrical conductivity of the low-temperature PEALD SnO2 ESL. We further discover that a facile low-temperature thermal annealing of SnO2 ESLs can effectively improve the electrical mobility of low-temperature PEALD SnO2 ESLs and consequently significantly reduce or even eliminate the J-V hysteresis. With the reduction of J-V hysteresis and optimization of deposition process, planar PVSCs with stabilized output powers up to 20.3% are achieved. The results of this study provide insights for further enhancing the efficiency of planar PVSCs.

机译：通过使用截面开尔文探针力显微镜（KPFM）和陷阱能级密度测量进行详细的器件表征，我们确定使用合成的SnO2电子选择层（ESLs）在平面有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池（PVSCs）中看到的JV滞后现象低温等离子增强原子层沉积（PEALD）方法的产生主要是由于ESL /钙钛矿与空穴选择层/钙钛矿界面之间的电荷传输不平衡所致。我们发现这种电荷传输不平衡起因于低温PEALD SnO2 ESL的不良电导率。我们进一步发现，对SnO2 ESL进行便捷的低温热退火可以有效提高低温PEALD SnO2 ESL的电迁移率，从而显着降低甚至消除J-V磁滞现象。通过降低J-V磁滞和优化沉积工艺，可实现输出功率稳定至20.3％的平面PVSC。这项研究的结果为进一步提高平面PVSC的效率提供了见识。

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来源
《Advanced energy materials》 |2017年第17期|1700414.1-1700414.9|共9页
作者
Wang Changlei; Xiao Chuanxiao; Yu Yue; Zhao Dewei; Awni Rasha A.; Grice Corey R.; Ghimire Kiran; Constantinou Iordania; Liao Weiqiang; Cimaroli Alexander J.; Liu Pei; Chen Jing; Podraza Nikolas J.; Jiang Chun-Sheng; Al-Jassim Mowafak M.; Zhao Xingzhong; Yan Yanfa;
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作者单位

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Wuhan Univ, Sch Phys & Technol, Minist Educ China, Key Lab Artificial Micro & Nanostruct, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China;

Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Mol Biol, ZMBH, Neuenheimer Feld 282, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Wuhan Univ, Sch Phys & Technol, Minist Educ China, Key Lab Artificial Micro & Nanostruct, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China;

Southeast Univ, Sch Elect Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA;

Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA;

Wuhan Univ, Sch Phys & Technol, Minist Educ China, Key Lab Artificial Micro & Nanostruct, Wuhan 430072, Hubei, Peoples R China;

Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA|Univ Toledo, Wright Ctr Photovolta Innovat & Commercializat, Toledo, OH 43606 USA;

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正文语种 eng
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关键词
hysteresis; Kelvin probe force microscopy; perovskite solar cells; post annealing;

机译：磁滞;开尔文探针力显微镜;钙钛矿太阳能电池;后退火;

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1. 20.7% highly reproducible inverted planar perovskite solar cells with enhanced fill factor and eliminated hysteresis [J] . Liu Xixia, Cheng Yuanhang, Liu Chao, Energy & environmental science . 2019,第5期

机译：20.7％高度可再生的倒置平面钙钛矿太阳能电池，具有增强的填充因子和消除的滞后性
2. Correction:20.7%highly reproducible inverted planar perovskite solar cells with enhanced fill factor and eliminated hysteresis [J] . Liu Xixia, Cheng Yuanhang, Liu Chao, Energy & environmental science . 2019,第5期

机译：校正：20.7％高度可再生的倒置平面钙钛矿太阳能电池，具有增强的填充因子和消除的滞后性
3. Correction:20.7%highly reproducible inverted planar perovskite solar cells with enhanced fill factor and eliminated hysteresis [J] . Liu Xixia, Cheng Yuanhang, Liu Chao, Energy & environmental science . 2019,第5期

机译：校正：20.7％高度可重复的倒置平面钙钛矿太阳能电池，具有增强的填充因子和消除滞后
4. Modified Transport-Layer Interfaces for Efficient and Hysteresis-free Planar-Perovskite Solar Cells [C] . T Prasanti, Sushobhan Avasthi World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion;European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference;Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference;IEEE Photovoltaic Specialist Conference . 2018

机译：改进的传输层界面，用于高效且无滞后的平面钙钛矿型太阳能电池
5. Development of Highly Efficient and Stable Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Through Composition and Interface Engineering [D] . Tosado, Gabriella A. 2020

机译：通过组成和界面工程开发高效稳定的无铅钙钛矿太阳能电池
6. Enhanced Interfacial Binding and Electron Extraction Using Boron‐Doped TiO2 for Highly Efficient Hysteresis‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells [O] . Xiaoqiang Shi, Yong Ding, Shijie Zhou, 2019

机译：使用硼掺杂的TiO2增强了界面结合和电子萃取从而实现了高效的无滞后钙钛矿太阳能电池
7. Solar Cells: p-Type CuI Islands on TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for a Highly Efficient Planar-Perovskite Solar Cell with Negligible Hysteresis (Adv. Energy Mater. 5/2018) [O] . Mahdi Malekshahi Byranvand, Taewan Kim, Seulki Song, 2018

机译：太阳能电池：P型Cui岛上的TiO2电子传输层，用于高效的平面普罗夫斯基钛矿太阳能电池，滞后（ADV。能量母体。5/2018）

Understanding and Eliminating Hysteresis for Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

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