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A Silicon Ratchet to Produce Power from Below-Bandgap Photons

机译：硅棘轮可从带隙以下的光子产生能量

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摘要

This paper computationally demonstrates a new photovoltaic mechanism that generates power from incoherent, below-bandgap (THz) excitations of conduction band electrons in silicon. A periodic sawtooth potential, realized through elastic strain gradients along a 100 nm thick Si slab, biases the oscillatory motion of excited electrons, which preferentially jump and relax into the adjacent period on the right to generate a net current. The magnitude of the ratchet current increases with photon energy (20, 50, and 100 meV) and irradiance (approximate to MW cm(-2)), which control the probability of photon scattering, and peaks as a function of the well depth of the ratchet potential, and the dominant mode of energy loss (the 62 meV intervalley phonon). The internal power conversion efficiency of the ratchet has a maximum of 0.0083% at a photon energy of 100 meV, due to inefficiencies caused by isotropic scattering. This new photovoltaic mechanism uses wasted below-bandgap absorptions to enhance the directional diffusion of charge carriers and could be used to augment the efficiency of traditional photovoltaics.
机译：本文通过计算演示了一种新的光伏机制，该机制可以通过硅中导带电子的非相干，带隙以下（THz）激发来发电。通过沿100 nm厚的硅平板上的弹性应变梯度实现的周期性锯齿形电势会使受激电子的振荡运动产生偏向，该电子倾向于优先跳入并弛豫到右侧的相邻周期中以产生净电流。棘轮电流的大小随着光子能量（20、50和100 meV）和辐照度（大约MW cm（-2））的增加而增加，辐照度控制光子的散射概率，并且峰值随阱深度的变化而变化。棘轮电势和能量损耗的主导模式（62 meV间隔声子）。由于各向同性散射引起的效率低下，棘轮的内部功率转换效率在100 meV的光子能量下最大为0.0083％。这种新的光伏机制利用浪费的带隙以下吸收来增强电荷载流子的定向扩散，并可以用来提高传统光伏的效率。

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