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Understanding the Morphology of PTB7:PCBM Blends in Organic Photovoltaics

机译：了解有机光伏中PTB7：PCBM共混物的形态

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摘要

The structure–property relationships of PTB7-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)-based organic photovoltaics are investigated. The morphology is investigated in an active layer setting where a multi-length-scale morphology is observed using a solvent additive-assisted film processing. This multi-length-scale structure consists of a phase separated morphology with a characteristic length scale of ≈30 nm, which is critical for producing large currents in devices; a second length scale of ≈130 nm, arises from face-on PTB7 crystalline aggregates. This latter morphological feature is also observed in films prepared without the use of an additive. By observing the structure formation in situ during solvent evaporation for blade coated thin films, the additive is found to promote the formation of ordered domains of the PTB7 at an earlier stage during the solvent evaporation, which is critical in the development of the final morphology. In studies on PTB7/PCBM bilayers, PCBM is found to diffuse into the PTB7 layer. However, the performance of devices prepared in this manner is low. This diffusion leads to a swelling of the PTB7 and a reduction in the crystallinity of the PTB7, reflecting the strong miscibility of PCBM with PTB7. The morphology resulting from the interdiffusion is single-length-scale with slightly large phase separation. This leads to devices with poor performance.
机译：研究了基于PTB7-苯基-C61-丁酸甲酯（PCBM）的有机光伏电池的结构与性质之间的关系。在活性层设置中研究形态，其中使用溶剂添加剂辅助膜处理观察到多长度尺度的形态。这种多尺度结构包括相分离的形态，其特征尺度为≈30nm，这对于在设备中产生大电流至关重要。面对面的PTB7晶体聚集体产生了约130 nm的第二长度尺度。在不使用添加剂制备的膜中也观察到后一种形态特征。通过观察在溶剂蒸发过程中叶片涂覆的薄膜原位形成的结构，发现该添加剂在溶剂蒸发的较早阶段促进了PTB7有序域的形成，这对最终形态的发展至关重要。在对PTB7 / PCBM双层的研究中，发现PCBM扩散到PTB7层中。但是，以这种方式制备的装置的性能低下。这种扩散导致PTB7膨胀并降低PTB7的结晶度，这反映了PCBM与PTB7的强混溶性。互扩散产生的形态是单长度尺度，相分离稍大。这导致设备性能不佳。

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