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A High Capacity Calcium Primary Cell Based on the Ca-S System

机译：基于Ca-S系统的高容量钙原电池

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摘要

Conversion reaction cells afford the ability to explore new energy storage paradigms that transcend the dogma of small, low-charge cations essential to intercalative processes. Here we report the use of earth-abundant and green calcium and sulfur in unprecedented conversion reaction Ca-S primary cells. Using S-infiltrated mesoporous carbon (abbreviated S@meso-C) cathodes, we achieve discharge capacities as high as 600 mAh g~(-1) (S basis) within the geometry Ca|Ca(ClO_4)_2/CH_3CN|S@meso-C, at a discharge rate of C/3.5. The electrolyte system in the Ca-S battery is of paramount importance as the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formed on the Ca anode limits the capacity and stability of the cell. We determine that 0.5 M Ca(CIO_4)_2 in CH_3CN forms an SEI that advantageously breaks down under anodic bias to allow oxidation of the anode. This same SEI, however, exhibits high impedance which increases over time at open circuit limiting the shelf life of the cell.
机译：转化反应池提供了探索新的储能范式的能力，这些范式超越了插层过程必不可少的小，低电荷阳离子的教条。在这里，我们报告了在史无前例的转化反应Ca-S原代细胞中使用地球富裕的绿色钙和硫。使用S渗透的中孔碳（缩写为S @ meso-C）阴极，我们在几何形状Ca | Ca（ClO_4）_2 / CH_3CN | S @内实现了高达600 mAh g〜（-1）（以S为基础）的放电容量介孔碳，放电速率为C / 3.5。 Ca-S电池中的电解质系统至关重要，因为在Ca阳极上形成的固体电解质界面（SEI）限制了电池的容量和稳定性。我们确定CH_3CN中的0.5 M Ca（CIO_4）_2形成SEI，该SEI在阳极偏压下有利地分解以允许阳极氧化。然而，该相同的SEI表现出高阻抗，该阻抗在开路时随时间增加，从而限制了电池的保质期。

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  • 来源
    《Advanced energy materials》 |2013年第8期|1056-1061|共6页
  • 作者

    Kimberly A. See; Jeffrey A. Gerbec; Young-SiJun; Fred Wudl; Galen D. Stucky; Ram Seshadri;

  • 作者单位

    Mitsubishi Chemical - Center for Advanced Materials University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;

    Mitsubishi Chemical - Center for Advanced Materials University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Mitsubishi Chemical USA, Inc Chesapeake, VA 23320, USA;

    Mitsubishi Chemical - Center for Advanced Materials University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;

    Mitsubishi Chemical - Center for Advanced Materials University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;

    Mitsubishi Chemical - Center for Advanced Materials University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;

    Mitsubishi Chemical - Center for Advanced Materials University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA,Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA;

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