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2D Laminar Membranes for Selective Water and Ion Transport

机译：用于选择性水和离子传输的2D层流膜

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摘要

Selective water and ion transport are essential in fields related to the environment, resources, energy, and more. Membranes, especially those constituted by 2D materials, are promising to control mass transport within nano- and sub-nanoscales. When stacked together, the ultrathin nanosheets of these materials can build up laminar membranes with an ordered layer-like structure. Numerous channels are thereby created among layers for fast and selective mass transport, which arouses huge research and application interests. This Review aims to present the latest theoretical and experimental advances of 2D laminar membranes for selective water and ion transport, covering three fundamental aspects. Starting with a concise introduction to the materials and assembly for laminar membranes, it then mainly focuses on systematically discussing the transport-controlling effects caused by intrinsic membrane structure and extrinsic influences. The relation between these effects and current membrane selective performance as well as future membrane designs is then elucidated. The most urgent challenges and corresponding opportunities that emerge around 2D laminar membranes are highlighted thereafter.
机译：在与环境，资源，能源等相关的领域中，选择性的水和离子传输至关重要。膜，特别是由2D材料构成的膜，有望在纳米和亚纳米尺度内控制质量传输。当堆叠在一起时，这些材料的超薄纳米片可以构建具有有序层状结构的层状膜。从而在各层之间创建了许多通道，以进行快速和选择性的大规模运输，这引起了巨大的研究和应用兴趣。这篇综述旨在介绍用于选择性水和离子传输的二维层流膜的最新理论和实验进展，涵盖三个基本方面。首先简要介绍层状膜的材料和组件，然后主要集中于系统地讨论由固有膜结构和外部影响引起的传输控制作用。然后阐明了这些影响与当前膜选择性能以及未来膜设计之间的关系。此后重点介绍了二维层状膜周围出现的最紧迫的挑战和相应的机会。

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