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An Ultrarobust Composite Gel Electrolyte Stabilizing Ion Deposition for Long-Life Lithium Metal Batteries

机译:超耐用的复合凝胶电解质稳定离子沉积技术,用于长寿命锂金属电池

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摘要

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) possessing ultrahigh energy density are promising next-generation battery systems, but the short cycle life and safety concerns caused by the uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites impede their broad applications. Herein, to address these issues, an ultrarobust composite gel electrolyte (CGE) that can effectively stabilize ion deposition for LMBs is designed via fabricating a specially structured aerogel as the matrix. The gel electrolyte matrix with a 3D interconnected highly porous structures and good affinity with liquid electrolytes is fabricated via compositing bacterial cellulose (BC) and Li0.33La0.557TiO3 nanowires (LLTO NWs) into an aerogel. The composite aerogel matrix demonstrates excellent wettability and liquid electrolyte uptake (586 +/- 5%), and the resulting CGE presents exceptional Young's modulus of 1.15 GPa and an extremely high lithium-ion transference number of 0.88. More significantly, the synergistic effect from the robust BC skeleton and LLTO NWs enabling stable ion deposition effectively suppresses the growth of lithium dendrites. Armed with the CGE, ultrastable symmetric Li/Li cells demonstrate a long cycle life of 1200 h and highly stable performance even at a high current density of 5 mA cm(-2). Furthermore, half cells with the CGE exhibit remarkable enhancement in capacity, cycling stability, and rate performance.
机译:具有超高能量密度的锂金属电池(LMB)是有前途的下一代电池系统,但是由于锂树枝状晶体的不可控制的增长而导致的短循环寿命和安全性问题阻碍了它们的广泛应用。在此,为了解决这些问题,通过制造特殊结构的气凝胶作为基质,设计了一种能有效稳定LMBs离子沉积的超坚固复合凝胶电解质(CGE)。通过将细菌纤维素(BC)和Li0.33La0.557TiO3纳米线(LLTO NWs)合成为气凝胶,可以制造出具有3D互连的高度多孔结构并与液体电解质具有良好亲和力的凝胶电解质基质。复合气凝胶基质具有出色的润湿性和液体电解质吸收能力(586 +/- 5%),所得CGE的杨氏模量为1.15 GPa,锂离子转移数非常高,为0.88。更重要的是,强大的BC骨架和LLTO NW具有稳定的离子沉积的协同作用,可有效抑制锂树枝状晶体的生长。配备了CGE,即使在5 mA cm(-2)的高电流密度下,超稳定的对称Li / Li电池也具有1200 h的长循环寿命和高度稳定的性能。此外,具有CGE的半电池在容量,循环稳定性和速率性能方面均表现出显着增强。

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