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Microfluidic Fabrication of Capsule Sensor Platform with Double-Shell Structure

机译：双壳结构胶囊传感器平台的微流体制备

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Metal nanoparticles are frequently employed for the colorimetric detection of specific target molecules using an aggregation-induced shift of the localized surface plasmon resonance. However, metal nanoparticles dispersed in bulk solutions are prone to be contaminated by adhesive molecules and the dispersions tend to be diluted by sample fluids, restricting direct application to unpurified pristine samples. Here, a versatile capsule sensor platform is proposed that can encompass a variety of different types of nanoparticle-based sensors. The capsule sensors are microfluidically prepared to obtain close control over their dimensions and composition. Their aqueous cores that are loaded with sensing materials are surrounded by an ultrathin inner oil shell and an outer hydrogel shell. The hydrogel shell prevents the diffusion of large adhesive molecules into the core, thereby preventing contamination of the sensing materials. The oil shell is selectively permeable such that it further improves the sensor selectivity. Importantly, these shells confine the sensing materials and prevent them from being diluted, securing a consistent optical property. Moreover, the capsule-based sensors display a higher sensitivity than bulk dispersions because a smaller amount of sensing materials is used. The power of nanoparticle-loaded capsule sensors is demonstrated using lysine-coated gold nanoparticles to detect mercury ions.
机译：金属纳米粒子通常用于通过聚集诱导的局部表面等离振子共振的位移对特定目标分子进行比色检测。然而，分散在本体溶液中的金属纳米颗粒易于被粘合剂分子污染，并且分散体倾向于被样品流体稀释，从而限制了直接应用于未纯化的原始样品。在此，提出了一种通用的胶囊传感器平台，该平台可以包含多种不同类型的基于纳米粒子的传感器。胶囊传感器经过微流制备，可以对其尺寸和组成进行严格控制。它们的含水核中装有传感材料，周围包裹着超薄的内部油壳和外部水凝胶壳。水凝胶壳防止大的粘合剂分子扩散到核中，从而防止了传感材料的污染。油壳是选择性可渗透的，从而进一步提高了传感器的选择性。重要的是，这些外壳限制了传感材料并防止它们被稀释，从而确保了一致的光学性能。而且，基于胶囊的传感器显示出比本体分散体更高的灵敏度，因为使用了较少量的传感材料。使用赖氨酸涂层的金纳米颗粒检测汞离子，可以证明纳米颗粒负载的胶囊传感器的功能。

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