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Dimensionality Concept in Solid-State Reactions: A Way to Control Synthesis of Functional Materials at the Nanoscale

机译：固态反应中的维度概念：一种控制纳米级功能材料合成的方法

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The concept of dimensionality is fundamental in physics, chemistry, materials science, etc. Low-dimensional and layered materials are distinguished by their unique physical properties and applications. Concurrently, low-dimensional reactants, products, and reaction spaces extend the toolbox of materials science considerably. Here, the concept of dimensionality is adapted to solid-state reactions by counting the basic axes along which the unit cell undergoes significant expansion/shrinking. For illustration, 1D synthesis of layered ternary compounds MA(2)X(2)via derivatives of 2D-Xenes, silicene, and germanene, is demonstrated, and the reaction mechanism and the role of templates are determined. The approach is then extended to 1D synthesis of non-layered compounds. The 1D nature of the reactions, established with structural studies, is explored by nanoscale confinement. The mutual orientation of the reaction and confinement-parallel (thus preventing the lattice expansion) or orthogonal-controls the reaction pathways and outcome. The work provides a proof-of-concept for anisotropic reactivity caused by directional confinement.
机译：维度的概念是物理学，化学，材料科学等的基础。低维和分层材料通过其独特的物理性质和应用来区分。同时，低维反应物，产品和反应空间大大延伸了材料科学的工具箱。这里，通过计数单元电池经历显着的膨胀/缩小的基本轴，维度的概念适应固态反应。用于说明，证明了通过2D- Xenes，硅和锗的衍生物的层状三元化合物MA（2）×（2）的1D合成，并确定反应机制和模板的作用。然后将该方法扩展到1D合成非层叠化合物。纳米尺度限制探讨了与结构研究建立的反应的1D性质。反应的相互取向和矛盾平行（从而防止晶格膨胀）或正交控制反应途径和结果。该工作为由定向约束引起的各向异性反应性提供了概念。

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