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Unraveling Structure and Dynamics in Porous Frameworks via Advanced In Situ Characterization Techniques

机译：通过先进的原位特征技术通过高孔框架中的解开结构和动力学

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摘要

Dynamic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a subgroup of frameworks featuring unique performance, as they are capable of adapting their pore size and/or the orientation of framework constituents in response to specific guest molecules such as gases or solutes and often outperform their rigid analogus in gas storage, sensing, or separation. In this review, the authors focus on recent methodical developments of advanced in situ diffraction and spectroscopic techniques for comprehensive characterization of porous frameworks. Examples for advanced instrumentation are highlighted for in situ nuclear magnetic resonance, electron paramagnetic resonance, and optical spectroscopies as well as X-ray and neutron diffraction. Several examples of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) on MOFs are shown because HRTEM is an emerging technique for the characterization of time-resolved structural dynamics in MOFs. These methods shed light on structural features and phase transitions of the host, its spin state, electronic structure, specific host-guest and guest-guest interactions, preferable adsorption sites, and bonding situation in the framework, focusing on the most prominent recent case studies. The synergistic development of novel in situ characterization methods and exploration of well-defined model framework systems are crucial to advance the understanding of dynamic processes in porous materials in future.
机译：动态金属 - 有机框架（MOF）代表具有独特性能的框架子组，因为它们能够适应其孔径和/或框架成分的方向，以应对诸如气体或溶质的特定客体分子，并且经常优于其刚性模拟在气体存储，传感或分离中。在本次审查中，作者侧重于最近的原位衍射和光谱技术的最近有条不紊的发展，以综合表征多孔框架。用于原位核磁共振，电子顺磁共振和光谱以及光谱和中子衍射的示例。示出了MOF上的高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）的几个例子，因为HRTEM是用于表征MOF中的时间分辨结构动态的新兴技术。这些方法揭示了主机的结构特征和相位过渡，其自旋状态，电子结构，特定的主机和客体互动，优选的吸附站点以及框架中的粘接情况，重点是最近的最近案例研究。在原位表征方法和勘探熟悉模型框架系统中的协同发展是在未来的多孔材料中对动态过程的理解至关重要。

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