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The Chemistry of Reticular Framework Nanoparticles: MOF, ZIF, and COF Materials

机译：网状框架纳米粒子的化学方法：MOF，ZIF和COF材料

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摘要

Nanoparticles have become a vital part of a vast number of established processes and products; they are used as catalysts, in cosmetics, and even by the pharmaceutical industry. Despite this, however, the reliable and reproducible production of functional nanoparticles for specific applications remains a great challenge. In this respect, reticular chemistry provides methods for connecting molecular building blocks to nanoparticles whose chemical composition, structure, porosity, and functionality can be controlled and tuned with atomic precision. Thus, reticular chemistry allows for the translation of the green chemistry principle of atom economy to functional nanomaterials, giving rise to the multifunctional efficiency concept. This principle encourages the design of highly active nanomaterials by maximizing the number of integrated functional units while minimizing the number of inactive components. State-of-the-art research on reticular nanoparticles-metal-organic frameworks, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, and covalent organic frameworks-is critically assessed and the beneficial features and particular challenges that set reticular chemistry apart from other nanoparticle material classes are highlighted. Reviewing the power of reticular chemistry, it is suggested that the unique possibility to efficiently and straightforwardly synthesize multifunctional nanoparticles should guide the synthesis of customized nanoparticles in the future.
机译：纳米粒子已成为广大既定工艺和产品的重要组成部分;它们用作化妆品的催化剂，甚至是制药行业。然而，尽管如此，特定应用的功能纳米粒子的可靠和可重复的生产仍然是一个巨大的挑战。在这方面，网状化学提供了将分子结构块连接到其化学成分，结构，孔隙率和功能的纳米颗粒的方法，以用原子精度调节和调节。因此，网状化学允许将原子经济的绿色化学原理翻译成功能纳米材料，从而产生多功能效率概念。该原理通过最大限度地提高集成功能单元的数量，同时最小化非活动组件的数量，鼓励设计高活性纳米材料。关于网状纳米颗粒 - 金属 - 有机骨架，沸石咪唑酯骨架和共价有机框架的最先进的研究 - 受到严重评估的，并且突出了与其他纳米颗粒物质类别分开了与其他纳米颗粒材料分开的有益特征和特殊挑战。综述网状化学的力量，建议有效和直截了当地合成多功能纳米颗粒的独特可能性应在未来引导定制纳米颗粒的合成。

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