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High Thermoelectric Performance of ZnO by Coherent Phonon Scattering and Optimized Charge Transport

机译：通过相干声子散射和优化电荷运输的高热电性能

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摘要

ZnO is identified as a potentially attractive n-type oxide thermoelectric material due to its abundance, nontoxicity, and a high degree of stability. However, working with ZnO is challenging due to its high thermal conductivity from its strong ionic bonds and low electrical conductivity due to its low charge concentrations. Here, it is demonstrated that the electrical and thermal transport properties of ZnO can be simultaneously improved via the successful doping of Al and ZnS coating. The ZnS coating in Al-doped ZnO is observed and analyzed through microstructure and spectroscopic studies. The power factor for 1% ZnS-coated Zn0.98Al0.02O is increased to approximate to 0.75 mW m(-1) K-2 at 1073 K, 161% higher than pure ZnO. This enhancement in the power factor can be explained by the aliovalent Al3+ doping and modifications in intrinsic defects, leading to an increased carrier concentration. Interestingly, ZnS coating significantly reduces lattice thermal conductivity to approximate to 2.31 W m(-1) K-1 at 1073 K for 2% ZnS-coated Zn0.98Al0.02O, a 62% decrease over pure ZnO. This large reduction in lattice thermal conductivity can be elucidated based on coherent phonon scattering via Callaway's model. Overall, the figure of merit, zT, increases to 0.2 in 2% ZnS-coated Zn0.98Al0.02O, which is 272% higher than pure ZnO at 1073 K.
机译：ZnO是识别为潜在有吸引力的n型氧化物热电材料，由于其丰度，无毒性，和高度的稳定性。然而，随着氧化锌由于其强的离子键和低电导率其高导热性，由于其低浓度电荷挑战工作。在此，证明了ZnO的电和热传输性能可以通过铝和ZnS涂层的成功掺杂来同时提高。在Al掺杂的ZnO涂覆硫化锌观察，并通过微结构和光谱研究进行分析。为1％的ZnS-涂覆Zn0.98Al0.02O的功率因数提高到接近于0.75毫瓦米（-1）K-2在1073 K，比纯的ZnO更高161％。此增强中的功率因数可以通过异价的Al 3+掺杂和修改在本征缺陷来解释，导致增加的载流子浓度。有趣的是，硫化锌显著涂层减少在1073 K中2％的ZnS-涂覆Zn0.98Al0.02O，一个62％的减少超过纯的ZnO晶格热导率近似2.31脉冲W M（-1）K-1。这在晶格热导率大幅降低可以基于通过卡拉威的型号一致的声子散射阐明。总体而言，优点，zT值的图中，增大到0.2在2％的ZnS-涂覆Zn0.98Al0.02O，这是较高的272％比纯的ZnO在1073 K.

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