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Light-Guiding Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications

机译：用于生物医学的导光生物材料

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Optical techniques used in medical diagnosis, surgery, and therapy require efficient and flexible delivery of light from light sources to target tissues. While this need is currently fulfilled by glass and plastic optical fibers, recent emergence of biointegrated approaches, such as optogenetics and implanted devices, calls for novel waveguides with certain biophysical and biocompatible properties and desirable shapes beyond what the conventional optical fibers can offer. To this end, exploratory efforts have begun to harness various transparent biomaterials to develop waveguides that can serve existing applications better and enable new applications in future photomedicine. Here, the recent progress in this new area of research for developing biomaterial-based optical waveguides is reviewed. It begins with a survey of biological light-guiding structures found in plants and animals, a source of inspiration for biomaterial photonics engineering. The review then describes natural and synthetic polymers and hydrogels that offer appropriate optical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical flexibility have been exploited for light-guiding applications. Finally, perspectives on biomedical applications that may benefit from the unique properties and functionalities of light-guiding biomaterials are discussed briefly.
机译：在医学诊断，手术和治疗中使用的光学技术需要将光从光源高效且灵活地传递到目标组织。尽管目前玻璃和塑料光纤已经满足了这种需求，但是生物集成方法（例如光遗传学和植入设备）的最新出现要求具有新颖的波导，这些波导具有某些生物物理和生物相容性，并且具有超出常规光纤所能提供的理想形状。为此，探索性努力已经开始利用各种透明生物材料来开发波导，这些波导可以更好地服务于现有应用，并在未来的光医学领域中实现新的应用。在此，对开发基于生物材料的光波导这一新研究领域中的最新进展进行了综述。它从对植物和动物中发现的生物导光结构的调查开始，这是生物材料光子工程学的灵感之源。这篇综述随后描述了天然和合成的聚合物和水凝胶，它们具有适当的光学性能，生物相容性，生物降解性和机械柔韧性，已被用于光导应用。最后，简要讨论了可从导光生物材料的独特特性和功能中受益的生物医学应用的观点。

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