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Reversible Sodium and Lithium Insertion in Iron Fluoride Perovskites

机译:氟化铁钙钛矿中可逆的钠和锂插入

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摘要

Li-ion batteries are omnipresent in consumer electronics and are seen as the most promising technology for electric vehicles. Na-ion batteries have emerged as viable and cheaper alternatives for stationary applications where Li-ion batteries are too expensive. However, the larger size of sodium ion compared to lithium makes traditional positive materials for Li-ion batteries not always suitable for the reversible insertion of sodium ions. Herein, a microwave-assisted solution synthesis of NaFeF3 perovskite nanoparticles from presynthesized rutile FeF2 colloidal particles, sodium ethoxide, and ammonium fluoride is presented. This NaFeF3 material shows a reversible electrochemical activity of 1Na or 1Li per iron with low polarization and excellent capacity retention after 100 cycles. The unexpected reversible insertion of both sodium and lithium ions, herein studied through ex situ and operando X-ray diffraction measurements, is attributed to a kinetic stabilization of corner-shared cubic A(x)FeF(3) (A = Li, Na) frameworks along the cycles involving low volume change without high thermodynamic cost as supported by a polymorphism theoretical analysis.
机译:锂离子电池在消费电子产品中无处不在,被认为是电动汽车最有前途的技术。对于锂离子电池过于昂贵的固定式应用,钠离子电池已成为可行且便宜的替代品。然而,与锂相比,钠离子的尺寸更大,使得用于锂离子电池的传统正极材料并不总是适合于可逆地插入钠离子。在此,提出了一种微波辅助溶液法,由预先合成的金红石型FeF2胶体颗粒,乙醇钠和氟化铵合成NaFeF3钙钛矿纳米颗粒。这种NaFeF3材料显示出每铁1Na或1Li的可逆电化学活性,具有低极化和在100次循环后具有出色的容量保持能力。本文通过异位和操作X射线衍射测量研究了钠和锂离子的意外可逆插入,这归因于角共享立方A(x)FeF(3)(A = Li,Na)的动力学稳定性多态性理论分析支持的循环中涉及低体积变化而无高热力学成本的骨架。

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