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Bioinspired Electrically Activated Soft Bistable Actuators

机译：生物启发的电激活软双稳态执行器

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摘要

Movement and morphing in biological systems provide insights into the materials and mechanisms that may enable the development of advanced engineering structures. The nastic motion of plants in response to environmental stimuli, e.g., the rapid closure of the Venus flytrap's leaves, utilizes snap-through instabilities originating from anisotropic deformation of plant tissues. In contrast, ballistic tongue projection of chameleon is attributed to direct mechanical energy transformation by stretching elastic tissues in advance of rapid projection to achieve higher speed and power output. Here, a bioinspired trilayered bistable all-polymer laminate containing dielectric elastomers (DEs) is reported, which double as both structural and active materials. It is demonstrated that the prestress and laminating strategy induces tunable bistability, while the electromechanical response of the DE film enables reversible shape transition and morphing. Electrical actuation of bistable structures obviates the need for continuous application of electric field to sustain their transformed state. The experimental results are qualitatively consistent with our theoretical analyses of prestrain-dependent shape and bistability.
机译：生物系统中的移动和变形提供了对材料和机制的见识，这些材料和机制可以使高级工程结构得以发展。植物对环境刺激（例如维纳斯捕蝇器的叶子的快速闭合）的鼻部运动利用源自植物组织各向异性变形的快速穿透不稳定性。相反，变色龙的弹道舌头投射归因于通过在快速投射之前拉伸弹性组织以实现更高的速度和功率输出而进行的直接机械能转换。在此，报告了一种含有介电弹性体（DE）的生物启发的三层双稳态全聚合物层压板，该层压板既是结构材料又是活性材料。结果表明，预应力和层压策略可产生可调节的双稳性，而DE膜的机电响应可实现可逆的形状转变和变形。双稳态结构的电致动消除了对连续施加电场以维持其转变状态的需要。实验结果在质量上与我们对依赖于应变的形状和双稳性的理论分析一致。

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