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Controlled Sub-Micrometer Hierarchical Textures Engineered in Polymeric Fibers and Microchannels via Thermal Drawing

机译:通过热拉伸在聚合物纤维和微通道中设计的可控亚微米层次纹理

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摘要

The controlled texturing of surfaces at the micro- and nanoscales is a powerful method for tailoring how materials interact with liquids, electromagnetic waves, or biological tissues. The increasing scientific and technological interest in advanced fibers and fabrics has triggered a strong motivation for leveraging the use of textures on fiber surfaces. Thus far however, fiber-processing techniques have exhibited an inherent limitation due to the smoothing out of surface textures by polymer reflow, restricting achievable feature sizes. In this article, a theoretical framework is established from which a strategy is developed to reduce the surface tension of the textured polymer, thus drastically slowing down thermal reflow. With this approach the fabrication of potentially kilometers-long polymer fibers with controlled hierarchical surface textures of unprecedented complexity and with feature sizes down to a few hundreds of nanometers is demonstrated, two orders of magnitude below current configurations. Using such fibers as molds, 3D microchannels are also fabricated with textured inner surfaces within soft polymers such as poly(dimethylsiloxane), at dimensions and a degree of simplicity impossible to reach with current techniques. This strategy for the texturing of high curvature surfaces opens novel opportunities in bioengineering, regenerative scaffolds, microfluidics, and smart textiles.
机译:在微米和纳米尺度上对表面进行控制的纹理化是一种强大的方法,可以调整材料与液体,电磁波或生物组织的相互作用方式。对高级纤维和织物的日益增长的科学技术兴趣引发了在纤维表面上利用纹理的强烈动机。然而,到目前为止,由于通过聚合物回流使表面纹理变平滑,纤维加工技术已显示出固有的局限性,从而限制了可达到的特征尺寸。在本文中,建立了一个理论框架,据此可以开发出一种策略来降低带纹理的聚合物的表面张力,从而大大减慢热回流的速度。通过这种方法,可以制造出可能长达数千米的聚合物纤维,该聚合物纤维具有前所未有的复杂性的受控分层表面纹理,并且特征尺寸低至几百纳米,比目前的配置低两个数量级。使用这种纤维作为模具,还可以制造3D微通道,使其在柔软的聚合物(如聚二甲基硅氧烷)中具有带纹理的内表面,其尺寸和简单程度是当前技术无法达到的。这种用于高曲率表面纹理化的策略为生物工程,再生支架,微流控技术和智能纺织品提供了新的机会。

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