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Controlling the Optical Properties of Inorganic Nanoparticles

机译：控制无机纳米粒子的光学性质

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The sophistication with which we can now prepare and characterize inorganic nanoparticles has inspired new areas of research into the fundamental properties and applications of these fascinating nanoscale systems. In this article some of the recent ideas concerning control of their optical properties are examined and explained, focusing on semiconductor nanocrystals. It is known that the optical properties of nanocrystals can be size-tunable, but it is less obvious how shape matters. To explain how size as well as shape matters, the electronic structure of nanocrystals is sketched in relatively simple terms, leading to an introduction to deeper concepts at the heart of spectroscopy such as the excitonfine structure. The exciton fine structure states, although obscured by inhomogeneous line broadening, dictate selection rules for optical excitation. These viewpoints are compared and contrasted to well- established principles in molecular spectroscopy that provide inspiration as well as perspective. The control of optical poperties is founded on our ability to prepare good quality colloidal particles. Recent advances in nanocrystal shape control are described. The current status of heterostructures is examined, with an emphasis on charge separation in CdSe-CdTe nanorods.
机译：我们现在可以用来制备和表征无机纳米粒子的先进技术，激发了有关这些引人入胜的纳米级系统的基本特性和应用的新研究领域。在本文中，研究和解释了一些有关控制其光学特性的最新想法，重点放在半导体纳米晶体上。众所周知，纳米晶体的光学性质可以调节大小，但是形状的重要性尚不明显。为了解释尺寸和形状的重要性，用相对简单的术语来勾勒出纳米晶体的电子结构，从而引出了光谱学核心的更深层概念，例如激子素结构。激子的精细结构状态，尽管被不均匀的线展宽所遮盖，但决定了光激发的选择规则。这些观点与分子光​​谱学中既定的原理进行了比较和对比，这些原理提供了启发和视角。对光学性能的控制是基于我们制备高质量胶体颗粒的能力。描述了纳米晶体形状控制的最新进展。检查了异质结构的当前状态，重点是CdSe-CdTe纳米棒中的电荷分离。

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