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首页> 外文期刊>Advanced Functional Materials >Effect of Surfactant on FRET and Quenching in DNA Sequence Detection Using Conjugated Polymers
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Effect of Surfactant on FRET and Quenching in DNA Sequence Detection Using Conjugated Polymers

机译：表面活性剂对共轭聚合物DNA序列检测中FRET和猝灭的影响

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摘要

The effect of a nonionic surfactant on various energy-transfer and quenching processes in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence detection using the cationic conjugated polymer (CCP) poly{[9,9-bis(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)hexylfluorene]-co-1,4-phenylene diiodide) and peptide nucleic acid labeled with fluorescein (PNA-Flu~*) has been investigated. Steady-state and time-resolved measurements reveal that nonionic surfactant enhances both sensitivity and selectivity in targeted DNA sequence detection. The enhancement of the sensitivity is ascribed to an increase in the CCP quantum yield due to the surfactant breaking up polymer aggregates, increasing the isolated polymer chain concentration, and reducing interchain quenching. This also increases the polymer surface-to-volume ratio. The sensitivity is also improved as the surfactant reduces CCP quenching by DNA and buffer solution through incorporation of the CCP in micelles, which reduces charge-transfer processes. Enhancement of the selectivity is achieved through the reduction of the hydrophobic interaction between the CCP and free PNA-Flu~*. Time-resolved fluorescence lifetime analysis provides an effective way to differentiate these particular effects in the DNA-PNA-Flu assays. Comparing the decay profiles of the CCP, CCP/DNA, and CCP/complementary DNA:PNA-Flu~*, it was found that both surfactant and DNA do not alter dramatically the isolated polymer chain lifetime (the first increases the concentration of the single chains by breaking up the polymer aggregation and the latter reduces the concentration of the isolated polymer chain by static quenching), therefore the change in the isolated polymer chain fluorescence lifetime can predominantly reflect the quenching of the donor by FRET to the PNA fluorescent label. Here, surfactant increases Forster radius by enhancing the polymer fluorescence quantum yield. Furthermore, surfactant also increases the difference in the donor lifetimes between the complementary and noncomplementary cases. This difference reflects the increase in the energy-transfer efficiency and hence higher selectivity. Fluorescein quenching is mediated by the CCP which causes Flu~*-Flu~* self-quenching via a PNA-CCP hydrophobic interaction. Optimization or minimization of various interactions to achieve the best DNA detection sensor is discussed.
机译：非离子表面活性剂对使用阳离子共轭聚合物（CCP）聚{[9,9-双（N，N，N-三甲基铵）己基芴]-的脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）序列检测中的各种能量转移和猝灭过程的影响已经研究了1，4-亚苯基二碘化物和用荧光素标记的肽核酸（PNA-Flu- *）。稳态和时间分辨的测量结果表明，非离子表面活性剂可增强目标DNA序列检测的灵敏度和选择性。灵敏度的提高归因于由于表面活性剂破坏聚合物聚集体，增加了分离的聚合物链的浓度并减少了链间猝灭而导致的CCP量子产率的增加。这也增加了聚合物的表面体积比。由于表面活性剂通过将CCP引入胶束中而减少了DNA和缓冲液对CCP的淬灭作用，从而降低了电荷转移过程，从而提高了灵敏度。通过减少CCP和游离PNA-Flu〜*之间的疏水相互作用，可以提高选择性。时间分辨的荧光寿命分析提供了区分DNA-PNA-Flu分析中这些特殊作用的有效方法。比较CCP，CCP / DNA和CCP /互补DNA：PNA-Flu〜*的衰变曲线，发现表面活性剂和DNA都不会显着改变分离的聚合物链的寿命（首先增加了单链的浓度链通过破坏聚合物的聚集而聚集，后者通过静态猝灭降低了分离的聚合物链的浓度），因此，分离的聚合物链的荧光寿命的变化可以主要反映出通过FRET对PNA荧光标记的供体的猝灭。在此，表面活性剂通过提高聚合物荧光量子产率来增加福斯特半径。此外，表面活性剂还增加了互补情况和非互补情况之间的供体寿命差异。这种差异反映了能量传递效率的提高，因此具有更高的选择性。荧光素猝灭是由CCP介导的，CCP通过PNA-CCP疏水相互作用引起Flu _ *-Flu〜*自猝灭。讨论了各种相互作用的优化或最小化，以实现最佳的DNA检测传感器。

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