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A colloidal route for delamination of layered solids: Novel prous-cay nanocomposites

机译：分层固体分层的胶体路线：新型Prous-cay纳米复合材料

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Under soft conditions, it is possible to cause the irreversible delamination of organoclays (long-chain alkylanimonium cations tetraexchanged smectites, and vermiculite-layered silicate derivatives) via a sol-gel process that involves alkoxysilanes (e.a., ethoxysilane) and that finally gives silica-clay heteromaterials. These intermediate silica-organoclay nanocomposites facilitate the diffusion of the alkoxides which, in the presence of water. are hydrolyzed and subsequently polymerized. This process is a heterocoagulation that gives homogeneous gels in which the order in the layer stacking of clays is partially or completely lost, depending on the nature of the layered silicate. After calcination to eliminate the organic moiety, that is, the alkylammonium chains, the get is irreversibly transformed into a silica-clay material in which the silicate layers are fully separated by the silica network generated by the alkoxide. The resulting solids are inorganic-inorganic nanocomposites which could be compared to polymer-clay nanocomposites, but in the present case the inorganic silica network is the continuous phase and the individual layers the corresponding disperse phase of the nanocomposite. These materials are solids of high specific surface area (> 400 m(2) g(-1)), which exhibit micro- and mesoporosity., and also have properties inherent to both components, the pristine clay (e.g., a cation-exchange capacity) and the silica network (e.g., an ability to be functionalized).
机译：在较软的条件下，有可能通过涉及烷氧基硅烷（例如乙氧基硅烷）的溶胶-凝胶过程引起有机粘土（长链烷基铵阳离子四交换蒙脱石和ver石层状硅酸盐衍生物）的不可逆分层，最终形成二氧化硅-粘土异质材料。这些中间的二氧化硅-有机粘土纳米复合材料促进了醇盐在水的存在下的扩散。水解并随后聚合。该过程是异质凝结，其产生均质的凝胶，其中根据层状硅酸盐的性质，部分或完全失去粘土的层堆叠中的顺序。煅烧以消除有机部分（即烷基铵链）后，产物不可逆地转化为硅土材料，其中硅酸盐层被醇盐生成的硅土网络完全隔离。所得的固体是无机-无机纳米复合材料，可以与聚合物-粘土纳米复合材料进行比较，但是在当前情况下，无机二氧化硅网络是连续相，而各层是纳米复合材料的相应分散相。这些材料是具有高比表面积（> 400 m（2）g（-1））的固体，具有微孔和中孔性，并且还具有两种成分（原始粘土）的固有特性（例如阳离子交换）容量）和二氧化硅网络（例如功能化的能力）。

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