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Sustainable Carbonaceous Materials Derived from Biomass as Metal-Free Electrocatalysts

机译：源自生物质的可持续碳素材料作为无金属电催化剂

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摘要

Although carbon is the second most abundant element in the biosphere, a large proportion of the available carbon resources in biomass from agriculture, stock farming, ocean fisheries, and other human activities is currently wasted. The use of sustainable carbonaceous materials as an alternative to precious metals in electrocatalysis is a promising pathway for transforming sustainable biomass resources into sustainable energyconversion systems. The development of rational syntheses of metal-free carbonaceous catalysts derived from sustainable biomass has therefore become a topic of significant interest in materials chemistry. However, great efforts are still required to develop methods that are low cost, scalable, and environmentally friendly and which afford carbonaceous materials having an electrocatalytic performance comparable to, or even better than, existing precious metal catalysts. Herein, recent achievements in developing metalfree carbonaceous catalysts based on biomass are reviewed and discussed and the critical issues which still need to be addressed are highlighted. The focus is on representative synthesis and optimization strategies applicable to different kinds of biomass, as well as studies of the physicochemical structure and electrochemical performance of the resulting metal-free carbonaceous catalysts. Finally, some guidelines for the future development of this important area are provided.
机译：尽管碳是生物圈中第二大最丰富的元素，但是目前浪费了农业，畜牧业，海洋渔业和其他人类活动中生物质中可利用的碳资源的很大一部分。在电催化中使用可持续的碳质材料替代贵金属是将可持续的生物质资源转化为可持续的能源转换系统的有希望的途径。因此，开发源自可持续生物质的无金属碳质催化剂的合理合成方法已成为材料化学领域的重要课题。然而，仍需要大力开发低成本，可扩展和环境友好的方法，并提供具有与现有贵金属催化剂相当或什至更好的电催化性能的碳质材料。本文中，回顾和讨论了在开发基于生物质的无金属碳质催化剂方面的最新成就，并着重指出了仍需解决的关键问题。重点是适用于不同类型生物质的代表性合成和优化策略，以及对所得无金属碳质催化剂的物理化学结构和电化学性能的研究。最后，为该重要领域的未来发展提供了一些指南。

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  • 来源
    《Advanced Materials》 |2019年第13期|1805718.1-1805718.16|共16页
  • 作者

    Zhang Zhengping; Yang Shaoxuan; Li Hanyu; Zan Yongxi; Li Xueyan; Zhu Ying; Dou Meiling; Wang Feng;

  • 作者单位

    Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Key Lab Electrochem Proc & Technol Mat, State Key Lab Chem Resource Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China|Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Soft Matter Sci & Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

    Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Key Lab Electrochem Proc & Technol Mat, State Key Lab Chem Resource Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China|Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Soft Matter Sci & Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

    Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Key Lab Electrochem Proc & Technol Mat, State Key Lab Chem Resource Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China|Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Soft Matter Sci & Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

    Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Key Lab Electrochem Proc & Technol Mat, State Key Lab Chem Resource Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China|Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Soft Matter Sci & Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

    Beihang Univ, Minist Educ, Sch Chem, Key Lab Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Sci & Techn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China;

    Beihang Univ, Minist Educ, Sch Chem, Key Lab Bioinspired Smart Interfacial Sci & Techn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China;

    Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Key Lab Electrochem Proc & Technol Mat, State Key Lab Chem Resource Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China|Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Soft Matter Sci & Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

    Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Key Lab Electrochem Proc & Technol Mat, State Key Lab Chem Resource Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China|Beijing Univ Chem Technol, Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Soft Matter Sci & Engn, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    biomass; heteroatom-doping; metal-free catalysts; porous structures; sustainable carbonaceous materials;

    机译：生物质;杂原子掺杂;无金属催化剂;多孔结构;可持续的含碳材料;

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