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首页> 外文期刊>Advances in space research >Cosmic ray origin: Why cosmic ray (Astroparticle) phenomenon is universal in the Universe? What is the main driver of cosmic ray particle generation?
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Cosmic ray origin: Why cosmic ray (Astroparticle) phenomenon is universal in the Universe? What is the main driver of cosmic ray particle generation?

机译：宇宙射线起源：为什么宇宙雷（Astroparticle）现象在宇宙中是普遍的？宇宙射线粒子的主要驱动器是什么？

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During many years energetic particles generated on the Sun were called as Solar Cosmic Rays (SCR), but now increased the tendency to rename this phenomenon as Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) event. We will show that SEP, as well as energetic particles generated in magnetospheres of the Earth, Jupiter, Saturn and other planets, in interplanetary space, and in atmospheres of stars have the same nature as Galactic and Intergalactic CR: they are all runaway particles from the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of background plasma where they were generated. Energy of these run-away particles is much higher than average energy of background thermal particles. It is shown in this paper that the energy of all these run-away particles have the same general nature: it is always transfer energy from the Macro-objects and Macro-processes directly to Micro World (to charged runaway particles). This transfer energy is formatted in dynamic plasma with frozen in magnetic fields: really magnetic fields 'glues' billions thermal background particles into Macro-objects and Macro-processes. So, thank to frozen in magnetic fields runaway particles can interact not only with thermal background particles (and loose energy), but also directly with Macro-objects and Macro-processes with very high macro-energy (many order higher than energy of run-away particle). Thermodynamically Macro-objects and Macro-processes have much bigger "effective temperature" than runaway particles and though the energy always transferred from Macro World to runaway particles of Micro World. We come to conclusion that main cause of origin of all types of Cosmic Rays in the Universe is the transform energy from Macro-world directly to Micro-world through frozen in magnetic fields in plasmas. At the stage when in early Universe were formatted small density plasmas objects with frozen in magnetic fields, where formatted also Cosmic Rays of different types, but these "relict" Cosmic Ray particles have now very small energy thanks to extension Universe. So, observed now CR particles of different types are generated continuously by transfer energy from Macro World to runaway charged particles of Micro World through frozen in magnetic fields (including the main sources as Supernova explosions, Supernova remnants, and some smaller sources, as stars, stars winds, planetary magnetospheres, and others). (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of COSPAR.
机译：在许多年内，在太阳下产生的精力充沛的粒子被称为太阳宇宙射线（SCR），但现在增加了将这种现象重命名为太阳能粒子（SEP）事件的趋势。我们将显示SEP，以及在地球，木星，土星和其他行星的磁体中产生的精力充沛的颗粒，在行星间隙中，并且在恒星的大气中具有与银河系和白乳酸的大气具有相同的性质：它们是所有失控的颗粒Maxwell-Boltzmann分布在它们生成的背景等离子体的分布。这些滞后颗粒的能量远高于背景热粒子的平均能量。本文示出了所有这些滞后粒子的能量具有相同的一般性质：总是将能量从宏观物体和宏观过程直接转移到微观世界（以带电的失控颗粒）。该转移能量在动态等离子体中被格式化，磁场中的冷冻：真正的磁场'胶水'数十亿个热背景粒子进入宏观 - 物体和宏观过程。因此，谢谢磁场中的冻结失控颗粒不仅可以与热背景颗粒（和松动）相互作用，而且直接与具有非常高的宏观能量的宏观物体和宏观流程（许多秩序高于运行的能量）离开粒子）。热力学宏观 - 物体和宏观过程的比较更大的“有效温度”比失控的颗粒，尽管能量总是从宏观世界转移到逃离微观世界颗粒。我们得出结论，宇宙中所有类型宇宙光线的主要原因是从宏观世界直接转变为微观世界，通过等离子体中的磁场中冷冻。在舞台上，在早期的宇宙中被格式化小密度等离子体物体，磁场中的冷冻，在那里格式化的不同类型的宇宙射线，但由于延伸宇宙，这些“relict”宇宙射线颗粒具有非常小的能量。因此，现在观察到现在通过从宏观世界转移到磁场中的宏观世界的转移能量来连续地产生不同类型的Cr颗粒，通过磁场冷冻（包括超新星爆炸，超新星残余物和一些较小的来源的主要来源，星星风，行星磁球等）。 （c）2019年由elsevier有限公司代表Cospar发布。

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