Airborne Alternaria conidia in Mediterranean rural environments in SW of Iberian Peninsula and weather parameters that influence their seasonality in relation to climate change

Maya-Manzano J. M.; Munoz-Trivino M.; Fernandez-Rodriguez S.; Silva-Palacios I.; Gonzalo-Garijo A.; Tormo-Molina R.

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Airborne Alternaria conidia in Mediterranean rural environments in SW of Iberian Peninsula and weather parameters that influence their seasonality in relation to climate change

机译：伊比利亚半岛西南部地中海乡村环境中的空中链格孢菌分生孢子和影响其季节变化的天气参数（与气候变化有关）

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Alternaria genus is an important pathogen in plants, and their allergens are one of the most important causes of respiratory allergic diseases in Europe. Alternaria fungal spore concentrations were studied in the air of Don Benito, Plasencia and Zafra (SW Iberian Peninsula), from February 2011 to December 2014, using Hirst spore traps. Daily and hourly data distribution and their correlations with meteorological parameters were analyzed statistically, according to Spearman's test. Daily average concentrations of 38 spores m(-3) in Don Benito, 11 spores m(-3) in Plasencia and 17.0 spores m(-3) in Zafra were recorded, with peaks of 923 spores m(-3) on the October 9, 2012 (Don Benito), 334 spores m(-3) on the June 1, 2011 (Zafra), and 165 spores m(-3) on the August 25, 2011 (Plasencia). Airborne conidia levels showed the highest values in spring (May and June) and autumn (September and October), and the lowest in winter, showing a bimodal seasonal distribution at the beginning of the period (2011), modified by weather toward an isolated concentration peak in autumn during the next years (2012-2014). Hourly distribution showed concentration peaks between 17:00 and 20:00 h, and the lowest values from 06:00 to 08:00 h. Land uses distribution also showed influence in some cases, such as irrigated crops and pastures versus olive crops and oak forests that provided higher levels of spore concentrations. The highest concentrations of spores were obtained with temperatures of 20-30 A degrees C. For a predicted increase in temperature in a climate change scenario, Alternaria spore production is foreseen to increase as temperatures reach optimal growing conditions in the two seasonal growing periods in Mediterranean climate.

机译：链格孢属是植物中的重要病原体，其变应原是欧洲呼吸道过敏性疾病的最重要原因之一。 2011年2月至2014年12月，使用Hirst孢子阱在Don Benito，Plasencia和Zafra（西南伊比利亚半岛）的空气中研究了链霉菌的真菌孢子浓度。根据Spearman的检验，对每日和每小时的数据分布及其与气象参数的相关性进行了统计分析。记录了唐贝尼托（Don Benito）的38个孢子m（-3），普拉森西亚（Plasencia）的11个孢子m（-3）和Zafra的17.0个孢子m（-3）的日平均浓度，10月的峰值为923个孢子m（-3）。 2012年9月9日（Don Benito），2011年6月1日（Zafra）的334孢子m（-3）和2011年8月25日（Plasencia）的165孢子m（-3）。空气中分生孢子的水平在春季（5月和6月）和秋季（9月和10月）显示最高值，在冬季最低，在该时期（2011年）开始时呈双峰季节性分布，并受天气影响而向孤立的浓度转变接下来的几年（2012-2014年）秋季达到高峰。每小时分布显示浓度峰值在17:00至20:00 h之间，最低值在06:00至08:00 h之间。土地用途的分布在某些情况下也显示出影响，例如灌溉作物和牧场与橄榄作物和橡树林相比，这些孢子浓度较高。在20-30 A摄氏度的温度下获得了最高浓度的孢子。在气候变化的情况下，预计温度会升高，预计在地中海的两个季节性生长期，随着温度达到最佳生长条件，链格孢菌的孢子产量会增加。气候。

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《Aerobiologia》 |2016年第1期|95-108|共14页
作者
Maya-Manzano J. M.; Munoz-Trivino M.; Fernandez-Rodriguez S.; Silva-Palacios I.; Gonzalo-Garijo A.; Tormo-Molina R.;
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作者单位

Univ Extremadura, Fac Sci, Dept Plant Biol Ecol & Earth Sci, Avda Elvas S-N, Badajoz 06006, Spain;

Univ Extremadura, Fac Sci, Dept Plant Biol Ecol & Earth Sci, Avda Elvas S-N, Badajoz 06006, Spain;

Univ Extremadura, Construct Dept, Caceres 10003, Spain;

Univ Extremadura, Dept Appl Phys, Badajoz 06006, Spain;

Infanta Cristina Univ Hosp, Allergy Sect, Badajoz 06080, Spain;

Univ Extremadura, Fac Sci, Dept Plant Biol Ecol & Earth Sci, Avda Elvas S-N, Badajoz 06006, Spain;

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正文语种 eng
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关键词
Fungi; Global warming; Aerobiology; Spores; Optimal growing conditions; Land uses; Biometeorology;

机译：真菌;全球变暖;空气生物学;孢子;最佳生长条件;土地利用;生物气象;

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3. Effect of airborne Alternaria conidia, ozone exposure, PM_(10) and weather on emergency visits for asthma in school-age children in Kolkata city, India [J] . Pampa Chakraborty, Arindom Chakraborty, Debajyoti Ghosh, Aerobiologia . 2014,第2期

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5. Distribution and ecophysiological adaptations of annual and perennial grasses in Mediterranean climate zones of California and the Iberian Peninsula. [D] . Clary, Jeffrey John. 2006

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6. Fossil leaf wax hydrogen isotopes reveal variability of Atlantic and Mediterranean climate forcing on the southeast Iberian Peninsula between 6000 to 3000 cal. BP [O] . Julien Schirrmacher, Nils Andersen, Ralph R. Schneider, 2020

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7. : "This paper deals with the functionality of the flaked stone assemblages from several Neolithic sites of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. The chronological framework ranges from the mid-6th to the mid-4th millennium cal. BCE, which corresponds to the Early and Middle Neolithic. This long period ranges from the arrival of the first farming communities in the Iberian Peninsula, around 5600-5500 cal. BCE, to 3600-3500 cal. BCE, two millennia later, when Neolithic communities had stably occupied most of the available territory, from the mountainous areas of the Pyrenees to the coastal areas of the Mediterranean.In this context, the NE of the Iberian Peninsula is one of the areas where a major number of use-wear analyses have been carried out, especially for what concerns the Neolithic period. This is mainly due to the interest shown by the directors of the excavations and by the Spanish use-wear specialists as well; both participated and cooperated in order to enlarge the number of contexts studied, making the NE of the Iberian Peninsula one of the areas of Europe with the largest number of ‘functional studies’. As a result, today we have a reliable picture of the type of lithic tools used by the first farming groups, how they were used, and which needs they were satisfying.The methodology employed for this type of analysis is today broadly shared by most use-wear specialists. A stereoscopic microscope is used together with a reflected-light microscope for the analysis of the archaeological specimens. Afterwards, the observed use-wear traces are compared with the traces from experimental tools. This study primarily made use of the tools preserved at the ‘Traceoteque’ of the Institución Milà y Fontanals of the CSIC of Barcelona.This paper presents the results obtained for the different types of analysed sites and the relative lithic assemblages. In this way, tools from different contexts are compared: open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters, pit-sites, burials, and mining sites. Such a diversity of contexts allowed for the exploration of the existence of recurrences and differences in the functionality of the lithic tools from one site to another. The results obtained have also provided information on some aspects related to the economic processes carried out at the different sites, caves, rock-shelters and open-air contexts. It has been possible to gain fresh data on the types of tasks carried out and their relative importance for each site, their relation with the geographical and environmental context and the natural resources available there. In addition, analysing tools recovered from burials – mainly individual inhumations – provided information on the relationships between the buried individuals and the working tools, in particular exploring the relationships between sex and age patterns and the types of tools deposited as goods.In conclusion, use-wear analysis allowed for the exploration of a variety of issues; from technical aspects related to the production and management of the lithic resources to social aspects related to the subsistence activities and the individuals that carried them out." [O] . Gibaja Bao, Juan Francisco, Mazzucco, Niccolo 2015

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Airborne Alternaria conidia in Mediterranean rural environments in SW of Iberian Peninsula and weather parameters that influence their seasonality in relation to climate change

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